泰安市社区居民规律体育活动与心理因素关系调查

The association of routine physical activities with anxiety and depression of community residents in Taian

目的探讨城市社区居民规律体育活动(regular physical activity,RPA)的现况,与焦虑、抑郁等心理因素的关系。方法采用多级抽样的方法,随机选取泰安市泰山区和岱岳区4个社区50岁以上常驻居民503人,采用自制的《规律体育活动调查表》和《社区社会资本调查表》,以及《焦虑自评量表(SAS)》和《抑郁自评量表(SDS)》进行调查。共收集477份有效问卷,回收率94.83%。分析研究对象的人口学特征、RPA参与、焦虑、抑郁、社区社会资本和慢性病患病情况。分析不同特征中老年人RPA的组间差异,采用非条件logistic回归筛选RPA、焦虑和抑郁的主要影响因素,并进一步将社区社会资本作为混杂因素进行分层,确定了RPA与焦虑、抑郁的关系。结果研究对象的RPA参与率为56.39%,焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为25.16%和39.20%。不同年龄分组(χ~2=20.00,P=0.00)、婚姻状况(χ~2=12.37,P=0.00)、职业(χ~2=13.30,P=0.04)、学历(χ~2=9.72,P=0.02)和就业状况(χ~2=9.85,P=0.00)的群体RPA参与率差异有统计学意义。非条件logistic回归显示,婚姻状况(OR=0.41,P<0.05)和社区社会资本(OR=0.93,P<0.05)是RPA的主要影响因素;社会团体或协会参与状况(OR=0.51,P<0.05)、文化程度(OR=1.33,P<0.05)、就业状况(OR=2.00,P<0.05)和社区社会资本(OR=1.15,P<0.05)是焦虑的主要影响因素社会团体或协会参与状况(OR=0.60,P<0.05)、文化程度(OR=1.39,P<0.05)、就业状况(OR=1.60,P<0.05)和社区社会资本(OR=1.14,P<0.05)是抑郁的主要影响因素。分层分析显示RPA的参与情况(OR=0.25,P<0.05)与焦虑和抑郁(OR=0.25,P<0.05)呈负相关。结论RPA与焦虑、抑郁的发生呈负相关,应积极采取措施促进中老年人参与RPA以控制焦虑和抑郁的发生。

Objective To discuss the association of routine physical activity(RPA)with anxiety and depression of residents in Taian.Methods A total of 503 local residents aged 50 years and older were randomly selected from 4 communities in Taishan and Daiyue District of Taian by multistage sampling method.The survey was conducted using RPA questionnaire,community social capital survey form,anxiety self-assessment scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS).477 valid questionnaires were collected with the recovery rate of 94.83%.The demographic characteristics of the participants,RPA,anxiety,depression,community social capital level and chronic disease status were acquired and analyzed.Unconditional logistic regression was used to determine the major influencing factors of RPA,anxiety and depression.The association of RPA with anxiety and depression were analyzed.Results In general,56.39%of the participants had RPA,which varied significantly among residents with different age(χ~2=20.00,P=0.00),marital status(χ~2=12.37,P=0.00),occupation(χ~2=13.30,P=0.04),education(χ~2=9.72,P=0.02)and employment status(χ~2=9.85,P=0.00).The overall prevalence of anxiety and depression were 25.16%and 39.20%,respectively.Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that marital status(OR=0.41,P<0.05)and community social capital(OR=0.93,P<0.05)were the main influencing factors for RPA;social group,education,employment status and community social capital were the main influencing factors of anxiety(OR=0.51,1.33,2.00,1.15,P<0.05)and depression(OR=0.60,1.39,1.60,1.14,P<0.05).Stratified analysis showed that RPA was negatively correlated with anxiety(OR=0.25,P<0.05)and depression(OR=0.25,P<0.05).Conclusions RPA is a protective factor for anxiety and depression.Therefore,local residents should be encouraged to be more physically acitive to control the occurrence of anxiety and depression.