2017年兰州市城关区居民慢性非传染性疾病危险因素知晓情况调查研究

Awareness on risk factors of non-infectious chronic diseases among community residents in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city in 2017

目的了解兰州市城关区居民对慢性非传染性疾病(慢病)相关知识知晓情况,为该地慢性病防控提供依据。方法2017年,采取按街道方位分层抽样的方法,随机抽取甘肃省兰州市城关区>15岁社区居民5011人,进行居民高血压与糖尿病患病基本情况和健康知晓情况调查。结果获得有效问卷4928份,有效问卷应答率98.34%。2017年,兰州市城关区居民对对吸烟和被动吸烟危害、糖尿病预防措施、慢病预防措施和高血压的诊断标准知晓率较低,分别为53.36%、57.41%、79.42%和65.08%。对慢病10项影响因素中回答正确≥8项的正确率为67.26%,不同年龄段居民回答≥8项的正确率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=25.968,P=0.000)。不同年龄段居民自我血压知晓率(χ~2=228.847,P=0.000)和血糖知晓率(χ~2=162.055,P=0.000)差异有统计学意义;且15~岁年龄段血压知晓率38.00%,血糖知晓率28.00%。不同年龄段居民自身患高血压知晓率(χ~2=77.263,P=0.000)和糖尿病知晓率(χ~2=23.412,P=0.000)差异均有统计学意义,且18~岁年龄段居民对高血压病的知晓率最低,12.07%。结论兰州市城关区居民应强化慢病致病危险因素的健康教育,普及慢病相关知识。

Objective To understand the awareness toward risk factor-related knowledge of non-communicable chronic diseases(NCDs)in chengguan district of Lanzhou city in order to provide scientific evidence for NCDs prevention and control.Methods A stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 5011 community residents aged 15 years and over in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city in 2017 and a survey was conducted.Results 4928 valid questionnaires were recruited with the effective response rate of 98.34%.The overall awareness rates of community residents for the risk of smoking and passive smoking,the prevention measures for diabetes and NCDs,the diagnostic criteria for hypertension were 53.36%,57.41%,79.42%and65.08%,respectively in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city in 2017.67.26%of participants gave correct answers for 8 and more questions about influencing factors of NCDs and the percentages varied significantly among subjects in different age groups(χ~2=25.968,P=0.000).The awareness rates were significantly different in terms of blood pressure(χ~2=228.847,P=0.000)and blood sugar(χ~2=162.055,P=0.000)among residents in different ages,with the lowest of 38.00%and 28.00%in the age group of 15-18 years.The awareness rates varied significantly among residents in different age groups in terms of hypertension(χ~2=77.263,P=0.000)and diabetes(χ~2=23.412,P=0.000),with the lowest of 12.07%and 0.00%in the age group of 18-35 years.Conclusions The overall awareness rate on risk factor-related knowledge of NCDs among residents in Chengguan district of Lanzhou was relatively low,therefore,health education should be strengthened.