174例极低出生体质量早产儿视网膜病变筛查分析

Screening for retinopathy of prematurity in newborns with extremely low birth weight

目的了解极低出生体质量早产儿(<1500g)的视网膜病变(ROP)的发病情况。方法2017年1~12月在南通市妇幼保健院NICU住院的极低出生体质量早产儿174例进行ROP筛查,并对资料进行统计学分析。结果174例极低出生体质量早产儿发生ROP 77例,占44.25%。其中1期病变30例,占38.96%,2期病变29例,占37.66%,3期病变18例,占23.38%。阈值病变2例,占2.60%,1型阈值前病变4例,占5.19%,2型阈值前病变15例,占19.48%。出生体质量≤900g、901g^1200g、1201~1500g的早产儿ROP的发病率分别为82.35%、65.96%、29.09%;出生胎龄≤28周、28+1~32周、32+1~36+6周的早产儿ROP的发病率分别为86.67%、37.70%、22.73%;吸氧时间≤15d、16~30d以及≥31d的早产儿ROP的发病率分别31.03%、64.00%、75.76%,组间比较差异有统计学意义。138例单胎和36例多胎,男性84例和女性90例,其ROP的发病率相近,差异无统计学意义。结论174例极低出生体质量早产儿ROP的发病率为44.25%,低出生体质量、小胎龄、吸氧时间长是其影响的高危因素,性别、多胎并不是影响因素。

Objective To understand the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)in newborns with extremely low birth weight(<1500 grams).Methods 174 infants with extremely low birth weight(<1500 grams)hospitalized in NICU from January 2017 to December 2017 were screened for ROP and the screening data were analyzed.Results 77 infants had ROP with the incidence of 44.25%,including 30 cases(38.96%)of stage 1 ROP,29 cases(37.66%)of stage 2 ROP,18 cases(23.38%)of stage 3 ROP and 2 cases(2.60%)of threshold ROP,4 cases(5.19%)with prethreshold type I ROP and 15 cases(19.48%)with prethreshold typeⅡROP.The incidences of ROP were 82.35%,65.96%and 29.09%among infants with birth weight of≤900 g,901-1200 g and 1201-1500 g,respectively,and were 86.67%,37.70%and22.73%among infant with gestational age of≤28 weeks,28+1-32 weeks and 32+1-36+6 weeks,respectively.The incidences of ROP were 31.03%,64.00%and 75.76%among infants with oxygen inhalation days of≤15,16-30 and≥31,respectively,the inter group differences were significant.Among the total 174 infants,138 were singleton and 84 were multiplets,84 were boys and 90 were girls,the incidences of ROP between them were not statistically significant.Conclusions The incidence of ROP in 174 preterm infants with extremely low birth weight is 44.25%.Low birth weight,young gestational age and long oxygen inhalation are high risk factors of ROP.