中国创业研究70年:回顾与展望

70 Years of Entrepreneurship Research in China: Retrospect and Prospect

新中国成立70年不断创造伟大奇迹的发展史就是一部波澜壮阔的创业史。结合历次创业浪潮,本文将新中国成立70年以来创业研究历程划分为计划经济创业、草根为主创业、精英为主创业、互联网创业和大众创业五个阶段;从研究机构、学术会议、期刊建设、研究论文、国家基金资助五个方面分析了中国创业研究的组织体系;将中国创业理论演进的历程划分为自主探索、引进吸收和中外融合三个阶段;揭示了中国创业研究在方法论方面遵循从定性分析走向定量分析的演化路径。新中国成立70年来,中国创业研究在历次创业浪潮推动和国外创业研究影响下实现了快速发展,当前正处于理论构建阶段,但存在的突出问题是理论创新不够,且创业理论研究严重滞后于创业实践发展。最后,本文提出了中国创业研究应重点关注的四个问题。

The history of the development of the great miracles created in the 70 years since the founding of New China is a magnificent history of entrepreneurship.Combining with the previous wave of entrepreneurship,the paper divides the research process of entrepreneurship since the founding of New China into five stages:planned economy entrepreneurship,grassroots entrepreneurship,elite entrepreneurship,Internet entrepreneurship and mass entrepreneurship.It analyses the current organizational system of entrepreneurship research from five aspects:research institutions,academic conferences,periodical construction,research papers and national science foundation.The evolution of theory can be divided into three stages:independent exploration,introduction and absorption,and integration of China and foreign countries.The methodology of entrepreneurship research follows the evolutionary path from qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis.China’s entrepreneurship research has achieved rapid development under the impetus and influence of previous entrepreneurship waves and foreign entrepreneurship research.At present,it is in the stage of theoretical development.However,a prominent problem is that theoretical innovation is insufficient,and China’s entrepreneurship theory research lags behind the development of entrepreneurship practice seriously.Finally,the paper puts forward four issues that should be paid attention to in China’s entrepreneurship research.