我国高职现代学徒制沉没成本问题及其治理

The Problem of Sunk Cost of Modern Apprenticeship in Higher Vocational Colleges and Its governance

我国高职现代学徒制试点在没有标准、缺乏监督的情况下,学徒形成的人力资本不仅包含通用性人力资本,还包含专用性人力资本,由此引发了沉没成本问题。这一问题既会导致学徒、培训企业等利益相关者面临人力资本投资沉没的风险,又会削弱其参与和推动现代学徒制的积极性,不利于我国高职现代学徒制可持续发展。对此,应立足我国实际、借鉴有关国家成功经验,通过利益相关者共同治理、前端治理与后端治理结合、顶层设计与基层实践并举等进行治理。

In the absence of standard and supervision,the apprentice’s human capital formed by apprenticeship includes special human capital,which leads to the problem of sunk cost.This problem will not only lead to apprentice,training enterprises and other stakeholders face the risk of human capital investment sinking,but also weaken their enthusiasm to participate in and promote the modern apprenticeship,which is not conducive to the sustainable development of modern apprenticeship system in higher vocational education in China.To this problem,we should base on the reality of our country,draw lessons from the successful experience of relevant countries,through the joint governance of stakeholders,the combination of front-end governance and backend governance,top-level design and grass-roots practice,and so on.