动物胆汁酸在眼病中的应用进展

Advances in the Application of Animal Bile Acids in Ocular Diseases

动物胆汁治疗眼科疾病由来已久,胆汁酸是胆汁的主要活性成分之一,其中牛磺熊去氧胆酸、熊去氧胆酸、石胆酸等胆汁酸由于其良好的亲水性和较少的细胞毒性在眼病中的研究较为广泛。本文综述了胆汁酸在眼科疾病中的应用,发现在实验室阶段,胆汁酸可通过抗炎、抗细胞凋亡、抑制内质网应激、保护光感受器等作用来治疗部分眼病,如葡萄膜炎、白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜色素变性、糖尿病视网膜病变等,并探索了临床应用的潜在可行性。

The use of animal bile in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases has a long history.Bile acids,as one of the primary active components of bile,including taurochenodeoxycholic acid,ursodeoxycholic acid,and chenodeoxycholic acid,have been widely studied in ophthalmology due to their favorable hydrophilicity and low cytotoxicity.This article reviews the application of bile acids in ophthalmic diseases and finds that in the laboratory setting,bile acids have demonstrated potential in the treatment of certain eye conditions such as uveitis,cataracts,age-related macular degeneration,retinitis pigmentosa,diabetic retinopathy,among others.Their mechanisms of action include anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptotic,endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition,and photoreceptor protection.Furthermore,the feasibility of clinical applications has also been explored.