五龙鹅蛋品质及蛋壳超微结构的研究

Study on Egg Quality and Egg Shell Ultrastructure of Wulong Goose Eggs

为了解五龙鹅蛋品质及蛋壳的超微结构,选取72个五龙鹅蛋作为试验样本,测定其蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度等常规指标并观察蛋壳的内表面、外表面及横断面结构。结果显示,五龙鹅的平均蛋重为125.25 g,蛋形指数为1.48,蛋壳厚度为0.59 mm,蛋壳强度为70.34 N,蛋黄比率为35.87%,蛋白比率为49.81%,蛋壳比率为9.98%,蛋白pH 8.91;蛋重与蛋壳重、蛋黄重、蛋白重均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),蛋壳厚度与蛋壳强度、蛋壳重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与蛋黄重呈显著负相关(P<0.05);蛋壳重与蛋壳强度、蛋白重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与蛋形指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);通过观察蛋壳的超微结构发现,蛋壳强度越高,蛋壳外表面裂纹越少,内表面纤维分布越均匀,横断面结构致密性越好。综上所述,五龙鹅具有较好的蛋品质,且蛋壳超微结构的差异对蛋壳质量的变化具有重要影响。

To understand the egg quality of Wulong goose and the ultrastructure of its egg shell,72 Wulong goose eggs were selected as test samples,and the conventional indexes such as egg weight,egg shape index and shell strength were measured and the inner surface,outer surface and cross-sectional structure of the shells were observed.The results showed that the average egg weight of Wulong goose was 125.25 g,the egg shape index was 1.48,the egg shell thickness was 0.59 mm,the egg shell strength was 70.34 N,the yolk ratio was 35.87%,the albumen ratio was 49.81%,the egg shell ratio was 9.98%and albumen pH was 8.91;Egg weight was highly significantly positively correlated with egg shell weight,egg yolk weight and albumen weight(P<0.01).Egg shell thickness was significantly positively correlated with egg shell strength and egg shell weight(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with yolk weight(P<0.05);Egg shell weight was significantly positively correlated with egg shell strength and egg albumen weight(P<0.01),and was significantly positively correlated with egg shape index(P<0.05);By observing the ultrastructure of egg shell,it was found that the higher the strength of egg shell,the fewer cracks on the outer surface of egg shell,the more uniform the distribution of fibers on the inner surface,and the denser the cross-sectional structure.In conclusion,Wulong goose had better egg quality and differences in eggshell ultrastructure had an important effect on the variation of eggshell quality.