新型栖架立体散养系统对长产蛋周期下蛋鸡产蛋性能及淘汰蛋鸡品质的影响研究

Study on Laying Performance and Quality of Phase-out Layers with Extended Production Cycle in a New Large Cage Aviary Unit System

为探究延长产蛋周期下新型栖架立体散养系统对蛋鸡产蛋性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和骨骼健康的影响,试验选择2952只和360只京粉6号育成鸡,分别于60日龄转群到栖架和叠层笼养系统。分别测定延长产蛋周期到94周龄的两种饲养系统蛋鸡产蛋率、淘汰蛋鸡的屠宰性能、肌肉品质及骨骼参数。结果显示:栖架组产蛋期平均产蛋率为(89.48±1.41)%,极显著高于笼养组(P<0.01),淘汰蛋鸡体重和腹脂率显著低于笼养组(P<0.01或P<0.05),翅膀比重、胸肌率和胸肌剪切力极显著高于笼养组(P<0.01),同时栖架组淘汰蛋鸡腿肌的肉色a^(*)值、b^(*)值也显著高于笼养组(P<0.05);栖架饲养环境下蛋鸡胫骨矿物质密度和胫骨强度比笼养组分别高6.52%、14.67%,未达到显著性水平(P>0.05)。综上所述,相较于笼养系统,新型栖架立体散养系统为蛋鸡提供了立体活动空间,有利于蛋鸡翅膀、腿部等部位的活动锻炼,在满足其行为表达需求的同时,有效降低蛋鸡腹部脂肪沉积,提高蛋鸡健康水平,促进蛋鸡产蛋性能良好。

In order to investigate the effects of a new large cage aviary unit system(LCAU)on laying performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality and bone health of layers for an extended laying period to 94 weeks of age,2952 and 360 Jingfen No.6 hens were selected and transferred to the LCAU and conventional cage system(CC)at 60 days of age.The overall laying rate,slaughter body weight,muscle quality and bone parameters of laying hens at 94 weeks of age selected from two housing systems were determined.The results showed that the average laying rate of hens in the LCAU system was(89.48±1.41)%and significantly higher than that in the CC system(P<0.01).The body weight and abdominal fat percentage of layers were significantly decreased in the LCAU system(P<0.01 or P<0.05).However,while wing percentage,breast muscle percentage and breast muscle shear force in the LCAU system were significantly increased(P<0.01).Furthermore,a^(*)value and b^(*)value of leg muscle in the LCAU system were significantly increased(P<0.05).The mineral density and tibia strength were numerically higher in perch rearing environment,but there was no significant difference between two housing systems(P>0.05).In conclusion,birds could make full use of three-dimensional space in the LCAU system for activities,which was beneficial to the physical exercise of wings,legs and other parts.It met the natural behavior needs of laying hens.When the laying cycle was extended to 94 weeks of age,abdominal fat deposition of laying hens were significantly reduced in the LCAU system,and the health level of laying hens was improved to a certain extent,which promoted good egg production performance of laying hens.