内蒙古自治区541所中小学校教室环境卫生调查

Investigation of classroom environmental hygiene in 541 primary and middle schools in Inner Mongolia

目的了解内蒙古自治区中小学校教室环境卫生状况,为进一步改善学校教学环境卫生提供参考依据。方法2021年采用随机抽样方法抽取全区541所中小学校的3246间教室。用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行分析教室人均面积、课桌椅分配符合率、黑板尺寸、黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、黑板面照度均匀度、课桌面平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度、噪声。结果教室人均面积、课桌椅分配符合率、黑板尺寸、黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、黑板面照度均匀度、课桌面平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度、噪声的合格率分别为60.0%、31.6%、84.3%、52.8%、40.4%、75.6%、57.0%、70.7%、86.9%;中学的课桌椅分配符合率(38.2%)、教室人均面积合格率(66.1%)均高于小学(21.4%、50.5%)(χ^(2)=1014.9、χ^(2)=78.15,P<0.05);城区教室人均面积(55.4%)、黑板反射比合格率(46.6%)均低于郊县(61.7%、55.0%)(χ^(2)=10.39、χ^(2)=17.86,P<0.05)。结论内蒙古自治区中小学校教室环境卫生中教室人均面积、课桌椅符合率、黑板反射比较低,有待进一步改善。

Objective To understand the environmental health status of primary and secondary schools in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to provide reference for further improving school teaching environmental health.Methods In 2021,541 primary and secondary schools with 3246 classrooms were selected by random sampling.Classroom environmental hygiene related indicators were monitored:per capita classroom area,conformity rate of desks and chairs allocation,blackboard size,blackboard reflection ratio,average illumination of blackboard surface,evenness of illumination of blackboard surface,average illumination of desk surface,evenness of illumination of desk surface,noise.SPSS20.0 statistical software was used for analysis.Results The per capita classroom area,the coincidence rate of desks and chairs allocation,blackboard size,blackboard reflection ratio,average illumination of blackboard surface,evenness of illumination of blackboard surface,average illumination of desk surface,evenness of illumination of desk surface and the qualified rate of noise were 60.0%,31.6%,84.3%,52.8%,40.4%,75.6%,57.0%,70.7%and 86,respectively.9%;The coincidence rate of desks and chairs allocation in middle schools(38.2%)and the qualified rate of classroom area per capita(66.1%)were higher than those in primary schools(21.4%,50.5%)(χ^(2)=1014.9,χ^(2)=78.15,P<0.05).The per capita classroom area(55.4%)and the pass rate of blackboard reflection ratio(46.6%)in urban areas were lower than those in suburban counties(61.7%,55.0%)(χ^(2)=10.39,χ^(2)=17.86,P<0.05).Conclusion The per capita classroom area,the coincidence rate of desks and chairs and blackboard reflection in primary and secondary schools in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are relatively low,which needs to be further improved.