山西省居民食品安全风险感知现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on current situation of food safety risk perception and its influencing factors among residents in Shanxi Province

目的了解山西省居民食品安全风险感知现状及其影响因素,为完善食品安全风险沟通机制、强化公众食品安全教育提供相应的理论参考。方法采用分层随机抽样法,于2020年12月—2021年3月在山西省抽取2275名居民进行问卷调查,并对数据进行一般描述性分析、χ^(2)检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果最终纳入山西省居民1991人,其中认为我国食品安全风险高的居民有692人(34.8%)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,非食品企业或公司人员、学生、家庭人均月收入>10000元、每日运动、一般信任以及信任政府管理食品安全、一般信任以及信任企业管理食品安全的居民食品安全风险感知较低,OR值分别为0.501(95%CI:0.291~0.863)、0.624(95%CI:0.393~0.991)、0.364(95%CI:0.178~0.744)、0.623(95%CI:0.504~0.769)、0.384(95%CI:0.272~0.541)、0.288(95%CI:0.204~0.407)、0.397(95%CI:0.292~0.539)、0.389(95%CI:0.280~0.539);食品安全知识得分等于或高于平均分、关注食品安全、食品安全问题带来的损失程度得分等于或高于平均分、信任媒体不传播谣言的居民食品安全风险感知较高,OR值分别为1.305(95%CI:1.036~1.644)、1.725(95%CI:1.017~2.926)、2.323(95%CI:1.863~2.896)、1.392(95%CI:1.053~1.840)。结论山西省居民食品安全风险感知处于较低水平,职业、家庭人均月收入、运动习惯、食品安全知识得分、食品安全关注度、食品安全问题带来的损失程度得分、媒体信任水平是影响山西省居民食品安全风险感知程度的主要因素。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of residents'perception of food safety risk in Shanxi Province,and to provide theoretical reference for improving the communication mechanism of food safety risk and strengthening public food safety education.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2275 residents in Shanxi Province from December 2020 to March 2021,and the data were analyzed by general descriptive analysis,χ^(2)test and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis.Results In the end,1991 residents of Shanxi Province were included,among which 692 people(34.8%)thought that China's food safety risk was high.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents with a per capita monthly income of more than 10000 yuan in non-food enterprises or companies,students and families,daily exercise,general trust and trust in government management of food safety,general trust and trust in enterprise management of food safety had lower perception of food safety risk.OR values were 0.501(95%CI:0.291-0.863),0.624(95%CI:0.393-0.991),0.364(95%CI:0.178-0.744),0.623(95%CI:0.504-0.769),0.384(95%CI:0.272-0.541),0.288(95%CI:0.204-0.407),0.397(95%CI:0.292-0.539),0.389(95%CI:0.280-0.539);Respondents whose food safety knowledge score is equal to OR higher than the average score,who pay attention to food safety,whose loss degree caused by food safety problems is equal to or higher than the average score,and who trust the media not to spread rumors have high food safety risk perception,OR values are 1.305(95%CI:1.036-1.644),1.725(95%CI:1.017-2.926),2.323(95%CI:1.863-2.896),1.392(95%CI:1.053-1.840).Conclusion The food safety risk perception of residents in Shanxi Province is at a low level.Occupation,family per capita monthly income,exercise habits,food safety knowledge score,food safety concern,food safety loss score,and media trust level are the main factors affecting the food safety risk perception of residents in Shanxi Province.