中国老年人骨质疏松症知识知晓及影响因素分析

Analysis on awareness of osteoporosis knowledge and its influecing factors among Chinese elderly persons

目的了解我国60岁及以上老年人骨质疏松症相关知识知晓情况和影响因素。方法采用2018年中国骨质疏松症流行病学调查数据进行分析。调查覆盖全国11个省(自治区、直辖市)44个县(区),采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,通过问卷调查收集调查对象骨质疏松症名称知晓及相关知识知晓等信息,应用复杂抽样加权估计我国≥60岁老年人骨质疏松症名称和知识知晓率及其95%CI,并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析其影响因素。结果纳入分析7553人,中国60岁及以上老年人骨质疏松症疾病名称知晓率为37.5%(95%CI:35.9%~39.2%),知识知晓率为4.7%(95%CI:4.0%~5.4%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与男性、不识字/少识字/小学未毕业、家庭人均年收入<10000元、居住地为农村、父母无骨质疏松或髋部骨折史、个人无自报慢病史以及未连续使用3个月以上激素组相比,女性、小学、初中、高中及以上、家庭人均年收入30000元及以上、居住地为城市、父母骨质疏松或髋部骨折史、个人自报慢病史以及连续使用3个月以上激素组骨质疏松症名称知晓可能性高,OR值分别为1.286、1.911、3.303、6.492、1.567、1.739、1.882、1.221和1.940。女性、小学、初中、高中及以上、家庭人均年收入10000~19999元、30000元及以上、居住地为城市人群骨质疏松症知识知晓可能性高,OR值分别为1.475、3.015、4.576、7.935、1.702、1.733、2.294。结论我国≥60岁老年人性骨质疏松症知识知晓率较低,应积极采取措施加大宣传力度,有效提高骨质疏松症知识水平。

Objective To explore the awareness of osteoporosis knowledge and its related factors among Chinese elderly aged 60 and above.Methods Data of this study were drawn from the 2018 China Osteoporosis Epidemiological Survey,covering 44 counties(districts)in 11 provinces.Mmulti-stage cluster random sampling method was used for this survey and related variables of osteoporosis term and knowledge were collected by questionnaire.The awareness of osteoporosis term and knowledge and its 95%CI among Chinese elderly aged 60 and older were estimated with complex sampling weights and its influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.Results A total of 7553 Chinese elderly aged 60 years and above were included in the analysis.The awareness of the term osteoporosis was 37.5%(95%CI:35.9%-39.2%),and the awareness of knowledge about osteoporosis was 4.7%(95%CI:4.0%-5.4%).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the male group,illiterate/less literate/not graduated from primary school,per capita annual household income<10000 yuan,rural residence,parents without history of osteoporosis or hip fracture,no self-reported history of chronic disease and no continuous use of hormones for more than 3 months,female,primary school,middle school,high school and above,annual household income per capita of 30000 yuan and above,urban residence,parental history of osteoporosis or hip fracture,personal self-reported history of chronic disease and hormones use for more than 3 months had a high likelihood of knowing the name of osteoporosis.OR values were 1.286,1.911,3.303,6.492,1.567,1.739,1.882,1.221 and 1.940,respectively.Females,primary school,middle school,high school and above,annual household income per capita of 10000-19999 yuan,30000 yuan and above and urban residents had a high likelihood of knowing knowledge of osteoporosis.OR values were 1.475,3.015,4.576,7.935,1.702,1.733 and 2.294,respectively.Conclusion The awareness rate of osteoporosis knowledge among elderly aged 60 years and older is low.Measures should be taken to improve the knowledge level of osteoporosis effectively.