新疆部分地区学龄儿童膳食模式与营养状况相关性分析

Association of dietary patterns and nutrition in adolescents aged 10-13 years in Xinjiang Province

目的探索新疆部分地区10~13岁学龄儿童膳食模式与营养状况的相关性。方法以新疆居民健康素养促进项目点为现场,采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取24所小学四至六年级学龄儿童进行调查。结果共调查1077名10~13岁学龄儿童,消瘦、超重及肥胖检出率分别为10.86%、12.72%及4.27%。经因子分析得到3种膳食模式,分别为动物蛋白模式、主食模式及蔬果模式。多分类Logistic回归模型经调整显示,动物蛋白模式与消瘦呈负相关(与低分组相比,中分组aOR=0.541,95%CI:0.336~0.870);与肥胖呈正相关(aOR=3.173,95%CI:1.100~9.156)。结论新疆部分地区10~13岁学龄儿童大部分营养状况良好,但也存在超重肥胖与消瘦双重营养负担。建议加强以学校为基础的营养与饮食行为健康教育,促进学龄儿童健康。

Objective To explore the association of dietary patterns and nutrition in local children and adolescents aged 10-13 years in Xinjiang.Methods Data were obtained from the monitoring site of Xinjiang residents′health literacy Promotion project.A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 24 primary school.Results A total of 1077 school children aged 10-13 years were enrolled.The prevalence of wasting,overweight and obesity were 10.86%,12.72%,4.27%,respectively.Three dietary patterns were established by factor analysis:"meat-protein"pattern,"refined grains"pattern and"fruit-vegetable"pattern.Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed the"meat-protein"pattern was negatively associated with wasting(compared with low score group,the middle score group aOR=0.541,95%CI:0.336-0.870),while positively associated with obesity(aOR=3.173,95%CI:1.100-9.156).Conclusion The nutritional status of adolescents aged 10-13 year old were well in some areas of Xinjiang Province,but they also had the double burden of malnutrition.Our results suggest that school based nutrition education activities shouldbe strengthened for higher nutrition knowledge and greater nutrition literacy.