2021年我国15~24岁人群健康素养水平及其影响因素

Study on the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among Chinese residents aged 15-24 years old in 2021

目的了解2021年我国青少年健康素养水平现状,探讨相关影响因素,为今后开展青少年健康教育工作以及制定相关卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法对2021年全国健康素养监测中15~24岁城乡居民监测数据进行分析。结果2021年全国健康素养监测中,共调查15~24岁城乡居民2542人。其中15~17岁682人,占26.83%;18~24岁1860人,占73.17%。男性1235人,占48.58%;女性1307人,占51.42%。2021年我国15~24岁城乡居民健康素养水平为30.46%。从3方面健康素养水平来看,具备基本知识和理念素养的人占45.87%,健康生活方式与行为素养为34.50%,基本技能素养为27.88%。从6类健康问题素养水平来看,具备科学健康观素养的人占54.90%,传染病防治素养32.21%,慢性病防治素养39.12%,安全与急救素养66.59%,基本医疗素养29.26%,健康信息素养43.63%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,东部地区15~24岁城乡居民健康素养水平高于西部地区,OR值为1.766(95%CI:1.324~2.357);女性高于男性,OR值为1.510(95%CI:1.136~2.006);高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度高于小学及以下文化程度,OR值分别为7.937(95%CI:2.080~30.285)、19.291(95%CI:5.011~74.266)。结论15~24岁城乡居民健康素养水平较低,基本技能素养和基本医疗素养明显不足,有较大提升空间。

Objective To learn the health literacy condition and its influencing factors on 15~24 years old Chinese residents in 2021 in order to provide scientific reference for health education intervention and health policies formulation in the future.Methods The data of 15-24 years old Chinese residents in the National Health Literacy Monitoring in 2021 was analyzed.Results In the National Health Literacy Monitoring,a total of 2542 residents aged 15-24 years old were surveyed in 2021,including 682 residents aged 15-17 years old(26.83%)and 1860 residents aged 18-24 years old(73.17%),1235 males(48.58%)and 1307 females(51.42%).The level of health literacy among 15-24 years old Chinese residents in 2021 was 30.46%.According to the health literacy level of three aspects,45.87%people had the basic knowledge and concept literacy,34.50%had health lifestyle and behavior literacy,27.88%had basic skill literacy.According to the literacy level of 6 kinds of health problems,54.90%people had scientific view literacy,32.21%had infectious diseases prevention and treatment literacy,39.12%had chronic disease control and prevention literacy,66.59%had safety and first aid literacy,29.26%had basic medical care literacy,and 43.63%had health information literacy.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy level of 15-24 years old residents in eastern regions was higher than that in western regions,with OR value of 1.766(95%CI:1.324-2.357);females were higher than males,with OR value of 1.510(95%CI:1.136-2.006);senior high school/vocational high school/secondary school,college and above were higher than primary school and below,with OR value of 7.937(95%CI:2.080-30.285)and 19.291(95%CI:5.011-74.266),respectively.Conclusion The health literacy level of Chinese residents aged 15-24 years old was low,basic skill literacy and basic medical care literacy were obviously insufficient,which need to be improved.