应用中国膳食平衡指数评价辽宁省成年居民膳食质量

Evaluation on the dietary quality of adult residents in Liaoning Province by Chinese diet balance index

目的利用中国膳食平衡指数(DBI16)评价辽宁省成年居民膳食质量。方法利用2010~2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测的辽宁省18~79岁居民的膳食调查资料,利用DBI16的评分方法进行评分,评价辽宁省成年居民的膳食质量和膳食结构。结果辽宁省成年居民谷类食物、蔬菜水果和奶类豆类的摄入量达到或者超过推荐量的比例为86.2%、1.0%和0.3%,纯热能食物和调味品摄入量超过推荐上限的比例分别为52.7%和64.8%。中度膳食失衡、中度摄入不足和低度摄入过量比例分别为52.0%、53.9%和61.8%;农村居民膳食摄入不足、摄入过量和膳食失衡的程度高于城市(P<0.05),18~44岁中度摄入不足的比例为58.2%(P<0.05),中重度摄入不足和膳食失衡的程度随着文化程度的降低而逐渐升高(P<0.001),收入水平越低中度摄入不足和膳食失衡的程度越高(P<0.001)。结论辽宁省成年居民处于中高度膳食失衡状态,以蔬菜水果、水产品、奶类豆类摄入不足和烹调油和盐摄入过量为主要问题。男性、农村地区、18~44岁、低文化程度和低收入水平人群的作为膳食指导的主要对象,需加强新版膳食指南和膳食宝塔的宣教,提高并改善居民合理与健康饮食的意识和行为。

Objective Toevaluate the dietary quality of residents in Liaoning province by Chinese Dietary Balance Index(DBI16).Methods The dietary survey data of adult residents aged 18-79 in Liaoning province monitored by nutrition and health status of Chinese residents from 2010 to 2012 were used to evaluate the dietary quality and structure of adult residents in Liaoning province by using DBI16 scoring method.Results In Liaoning province,86.2%,1.0%and0.3%of adult residents reached or exceeded the recommended intake of cereals,vegetables,fruits and dairy beans.The percentage of pure calorie foods and condiments exceeding the recommended limit were 52.7%and 64.8%,respectively.The moderate dietary imbalance,moderate insufficient intake and moderate excessive intake of,urban and rural residents were respectively 52.0%,53.9%and 61.8%.The degree of insufficient,excessive and unbalanced diet of rural residents were higher than that of urban residents(P<0.05).Moderate insufficient intake was 58.2%(P<0.05)in 18-44 years old.The degree of moderate and severe intake deficiency and dietary imbalance gradually increased with the decrease of education level(P<0.001).The lower the income level,the higher the degree of moderate insufficient intake and dietary imbalance(P<0.001).Conclusion The adult residents in Liaoning province were in a state of medium-to-high dietary imbalance,which the main problems were insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits,aquatic products and milk beans and excessive intake of cooking oil and salt.Rural residents,people aged 18-44,with low education level and low income level should be the main target of dietary guidance intervention.The propaganda and education of the new dietary guidelines and dietary pagoda should be strengthened to improve the awareness and behavior of reasonable and healthy diet of residents.