父母对子女体重认知与初中生对自我体重认知之间的相关性

Associations between self-perception and their parent’s perception on body weight among junior middle school students

目的探讨父母对子女体重认知与初中生对自我体重认知之间的关联,为改善初中生体重认知提供依据。方法整群抽取北京市海淀区3所初中,对12~14岁573名学生进行体格检查,测量身高和体重,通过学生和家长问卷调查收集学生对自我体重的认知、父母对子女体重的认知等信息。采用广义混合线性模型控制混杂因素后,分析父母对子女体重认知与初中生对自我体重认知之间的关联。结果初中生对自我体重认知正确率、低估率和高估率分别为57.2%、29.7%和13.1%。考虑学校聚集性,控制初中生性别、年龄、是否超重肥胖、主要照顾者、是否为独生子女以及父母文化程度、是否超重肥胖因素后,父母低估子女体重组的初中生自我体重低估风险是父母未低估组的8.33倍(OR=8.33,95%CI:5.34~13.02),父母高估子女体重组的初中生自我体重高估风险是父母未高估组的9.41倍(OR=9.41,95%CI:4.12~21.51)。学生性别和父母低估子女体重对初中生低估自我体重有交互作用(P<0.05),父母低估子女体重对女生的影响大于男生。结论父母低估或高估子女体重是初中生自我体重认知不正确的独立危险因素。为改善初中生体重认知,除加强学生健康教育外,还应关注父母对子女体重的认知状况,有针对性地开展家长健康教育。

Objective To explore the associations between self-perception and their parent’s perception on body weight among junior middle school students,and to provide evidence for improvement of students’self-perception on body weight.Methods 3 junior middle schools in Haidian District in Beijing were selected.Body weight and height were measured among 573 students aged 12-14 years old.Questionnaire surveys were used to collect students’self-perception and parental perception on their body weight.Generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze associations between parental perception and self-perception among junior middle school students.Results The rates of correct perceived,underestimated,and overestimated their own body weight were 57.2%,29.1%,and 13.1%.After adjusted the clustering effect of school,students’gender,age,weight status(whether overweight/obese or not),primary caregiver,single offspring,and education and weight status(whether overweight/obese or not)of parents,parental underestimation of children’s body weight was significantly associated with students’underestimation of their own body weight(OR=8.33,95%CI:5.34-13.02),and parental overestimation was significantly associated with students’overestimation of their own body weight(OR=9.41,95%CI:4.12-21.51).Students’gender was interacted with parental underestimation of children’s weight status(P<0.05)and the effect on girls was larger than that on boys.Conclusion Parental under-or overestimation of children’s weight status was an independent risk factor of students’perception of their own weight status.In addition to health education for students,it is important to focus on parental perception on children’s body weight,and provide health education for parents specifically.