北京市顺义区居民新型冠状病毒肺炎知信行调查研究

Investigation on knowledge,attitude,and practice related to COVID-19 among residents in Shunyi District of Beijing

目的了解新冠肺炎疫情期,北京市顺义区居民对新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)肺炎认知、态度和行为,为相关部门制定针对性的新冠肺炎防控举措提供科学的参考依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,于2020年3月2—3月12日对居住在顺义区15岁及以上居民通过网络平台开展电子问卷调查。结果顺义区居民新冠肺炎认知情况总体呈现女性(66.3%)高于男性(63.1%),有医学背景(79.1%)高于非医学背景(64.8%),城镇居民(66.6%)高于农村居民(63.3%),文化程度越高认知水平越高(P<0.05);态度情况总体呈现男性(53.8%)高于女性(51.9%)、城镇居民(50.6%)低于农村居民(55.7%),文化程度偏低、年龄越大对待新冠肺炎疫情的态度越正向(P<0.05);行为情况总体呈现女性(88.3%)高于男性(84.3%),有医学背景(96.9%)高于非医学背景(86.8%),城镇居民(89.4%)高于农村居民(83.3%),文化程度越高、年龄越大的居民更具备良好(P<0.05)。在对疫情关注点、信息获取渠道和防护措施的调查中,关注疾病发展态势比例最高,为91.1%(95%CI:90.9~91.4);获取COVID-19相关信息来源于主流媒体的比例最高,为88.4%(95%CI:88.2~88.7);针对COVID-19采取的防护措施中前3位的是"减少外出,不去人群密集场所""外出戴口罩""勤洗手",分别为99.5%(95%CI:99.5~99.6)、99.1%(95%CI:99.1~99.2)和98.4%(95%CI:98.3~98.5)。结论新冠疫情发生后,政府及社会对居民的大力宣传取得了较好效果,但居民认知、态度和行为的水平仍有待提升。随着新冠肺炎防控举措调整,应针对新发传染病流行的不同阶段在公众中及时开展精准的健康教育。

Objective To understand knowledge,attitude,and practice related to COVID-19 among residents in Shunyi District during the outbreak period of COVID-19,and to provide scientific supports for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control measurements.Methods By using convenient sampling,an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted through an online platform among residents aged 15 and above in Shunyi District from March 2 to 12,2020.Results The awareness of COVID-19 among residents were generally higher in women(66.3%)than in men(63.1%),higher in residents with medical background(79.1%)than without medical background(64.8%),higher in urban residents(66.6%)than rural residents(63.3%).The higher the education level was,the higher their awareness level was.As to the attitude,more positive trends were found in males(53.8%)than in females(51.9%),rural residents(55.7%)than urban residents(50.6%),and residents with lower educational level and the elderly(P<0.05).The higher good practice rates were found in female(88.3%)than that of male(84.3%),the residents with medical background(96.9%)than without medical background(86.8%),and the urban residents(89.4%)than the rural residents(83.3%).The higher the education level and the older the residents had better behaviors(P<0.05).In the investigation on epidemic concerns,information access channels and protective measures,the proportion of disease development trend was the highest(91.1%,95%CI:90.9-91.4%),the proportion of obtaining covid-19 related information from mainstream media was the highest(88.4%,95%CI:88.2-88.7%),the top three protective measures for COVID-19 were reducing going out(99.5%,95%CI:99.5-99.6%),not going to crowded places(99.1%,95%CI:99.1-99.2%),wearing masks and washing hands frequently(98.4,95%CI:98.3-98.5%),respectively.Conclusion After the outbreak of COVID-19,the government and the society had made great efforts,but the residents’knowledge,attitude and behaviors still need to be improved.With the adjustment of COVID-19 prevention and control measures,we should carried out precise health education in public according different stages of the new epidemic.