武汉市中学生具备新型冠状病毒肺炎健康防护行为现状及影响因素分析

The status of health behaviors about COVID-19 and its influencing factors among middle school students in Wuhan

目的了解武汉市中学生新型冠状病毒肺炎健康防护行为具备情况及影响因素,为指导复学的健康教育工作提供依据。方法于2020年2月下旬,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,在武汉三镇共抽取24所中学,采用自行设计的问卷开展网络调查。结果中学生新冠肺炎健康防护行为具备率为42.86%。有超过90%的学生能够做到外出戴口罩、饭前便后洗手、居家和不聚会,但对正确选择口罩尺寸(29.88%,95%CI:28.40~31.41)、2~4 h更换口罩(46.45%,95%CI:44.91~48.07)、不用手触碰脸(29.13%,95%CI:28.09~30.27)的行为率较低。中学生新冠肺炎健康防护行为水平的影响因素包括:性别(与男生组相比:女生OR=1.123,95%CI:1.019~1.238);年龄(与12~13岁组相比:16~18岁OR=0.774,95%CI:0.624~0.960);年级(与初中组相比:高中OR=0.710,95%CI:0.594~0.849);学校属地(与中心城区组相比:远郊城区OR=0.726,95%CI:0.656~0.803);父亲文化程度(与小学及以下组相比:高中/技校/中专OR=1.453,95%CI:1.089~1.938;大专/本科OR=1.385,95%CI:1.022~1.877)和母亲文化程度(与小学及以下组相比:高中/技校/中专OR=1.330,95%CI:1.071~1.652;大专/本科OR=1.365,95%CI:1.073~1.737)。结论武汉市中学生整体健康防护行为水平一般,对细节的防护行为掌握情况较差,存在健康防护行为率较低的特征人群。

Objective To understand the status of COVID-19 related health behaviors and its influence factors among middle school students in Wuhan,and to provide basis for guiding the health education of school resumption.Methods In February 2020,the cluster random sampling was used to select 24 middle schools from three regions in Wuhan,and then a network survey was carried out with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The availability of COVID-19 health behaviors in middle school students was 42.86%.Among the specific topics,more than 90%of the students were able to wear masks when going out,wash hands before eating and after going to toilet,and to stay at home and not gathering.But,the behavior rate of choosing the right size of masks(29.88%,95%CI:28.40-31.41),changing mask in 2-4 hours(46.45%,95%CI:44.91-48.07)and not touching faces with hands(29.13%,95%CI:28.09-30.27)was lower.The influencing factors included gender(girls OR=1.123,95%CI:1.019-1.238),age(compared with 12-13 years group,16-18 years OR=0.7774,95%CI:0.624-0.960),grade(compared with junior middle school group,high school OR=0.710,95%CI:0.594-0.849),school territories(compared with urban group,rural OR=0.726,95%CI:0.656-0.803),education level of father(compared with primary school and below group,high school/technical school/secondary school OR=1.453,95%CI:1.089-1.938;college/university OR=1.385,95%CI:1.022-1.877)and education level of mother(compared with primary school and below group,high school/technical school/secondary school OR=1.330,95%CI:1.071-1.652;college/university OR=1.365,95%CI:1.073-1.737).Conclusion The overall health behavior level of middle school students in Wuhan was average,and they had poor grasp of some detailed health behaviors,some of them had low protective behavior rate.