2019年东西部两市居民健康素养水平现况与促进策略

The current status and promotion strategies of health literacy among the residents in two cities in East and West areas

目的分析东西部,长期对口支援两市(南京市、伊宁市)的居民健康素养水平,为不同地区开展健康素养促进行动提供依据。方法两市均采用全国统一的居民健康素养调查问卷,分别全覆盖南京市各区和伊宁市各乡镇、街道。按照分层抽样的原则,用PPS抽样方法,调查3118人和1115人。结果2019年,南京市、伊宁市居民健康素养水平分别为31.7%和10.1%。南京市居民健康生活方式和行为方面素养水平比伊宁市居民高165.7%,健康信息问题素养水平比伊宁市居民高202.0%。两地健康素养水平差距主要源于人口不同民族及文化程度的差别。结论伊宁市健康素养促进策略应建立在同步提高全人群,尤其是维吾尔族居民文化水平的基础上,更加提倡"将健康融入所有政策"。南京市需要更加关注出台有利于个体改变行为的公共政策,创建支持性环境,营造良好的社会氛围。

Objective To analyze the health literacy of residents in the two cities(Nanjing and Yining)which have long-term counterpart support in the east and the west of China,and to provide a basis for carrying out health literacy promotion actions in different regions.Methods Both cities adopted the nationwide unified questionnaire on health literacy for residents,which covered all districts in Nanjing and towns and streets in Yining,respectively.According to the principle of stratified sampling,3118 and 1115 people were investigated by PPS sampling method.Results In 2019,the health literacy level of residents in Nanjing and Yining was 31.7%and 10.1%,respectively.The healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy level of Nanjing residents was 165.7%higher than that of Yining residents,and the health information problem literacy level of Nanjing residents was 202.0%higher than that of Yining residents.The gap in health literacy level between the two places was mainly due to the difference of population by nationality and level of education.Conclusion The strategy for promoting health literacy in Yining city should be based on the simultaneous improvement of the education level of the whole population,especially the Uygur residents,and it should be more advocated to"integrate health into all policies".Nanjing city needs to pay more attention to the introduction of public policies conducive to individual behavior change,create a supportive environment,and create a good social atmosphere.