某大学学生人格对强迫症状影响的心理健康分析

Mental health analysis of the influence of personality on obsessive-compulsive symptoms of a university students

目的以某医科大学为例,探讨当代医学生的强迫症状与人格特质之间的关系,为改善医学生心理健康作出建议。方法采用整群取样对某医科大学的2014—2018级的本科生,进行SCL-90和16PF的心理调查分析,并用16PF的各因子对强迫症状呈阳性结果(≥2)进行多元线性回归分析。结果7774名医学生在SCL-90量表上总平均分为(144.11±44.53)分,总分呈阳性者为2324人,阳性检测率为29.89%,且在强迫症状因子阳性率上为最高达50.24%,将10个因子得分与常模团体进行单样本t检验后发现,除敌对和寝食状态因子外,其他8个因子得分均显著低于常模群体(P均<0.05);通过将强迫症状因子呈阳性者的16PF量表各个因子得分与SCL-90量表中的强迫症状因子进行线性回归分析发现,16PF人格因素中的敢为性(t=2.632,P<0.01)、聪慧性(t=-2.923,P<0.01)、怯懦与果断型(t=-5.953,P<0.001)、创造力个性因素(t=7.501,P<0.001)、适应与焦虑型(t=25.340,P<0.001)这5个因子对强迫症状都有显著的预测作用,建立回归方程为强迫症状=1.509+0.108×适应与焦虑性+0.008×创造力个性因素-0.032×怯懦与果断型-0.014×聪慧性+0.010×敢为性。结论医学生的心理健康水平不容乐观。咨询中可以从人格方面调节医学生的强迫症状。

Objective Taking a Medical University as an example,to explore the relationship between obsessivecompulsive symptoms and personality traits of contemporary medical students and make suggestions for improving their mental health.Methods The whole group sampling was used to investigate the SCL-90 and 16 PF of the undergraduates of 2014-2018 in a Medical University,and the factors of 16 PF were used to analyze the positive results(≥2)of obsessive-compulsive symptoms by multiple linear regression analysis.Results The total average score of 7774 medical students on the SCL-90 scale was(144.11±44.53),the total score of 2324 students was positive,the positive rate was 29.89%,and the positive rate of obsessive-compulsive symptoms factor was up to 50.24%.The scores of the other eight factors were significantly lower than those of the norm group after thet-test of 10 factors and the norm group by linear regression analysis between the scores of each factor in the 16 PF scale and the factors in the SC.L-90 scale,it was found that the five factors in the16 PF personality were bold(t=2.632,P<0.01),intelligent(t=-2.923,P<0.01),cowardly and decisive(t=-5.953,P<0.001),creative personality(t=7.501,P<0.001),adaptive and anxious(t=25.340,P<0.001).The regression equation is:obsessive-compulsive symptoms=1.509+0.108 x adaptability and anxiety+0.008 x creativity personality factors-0.032 x cowardice and decisiveness-0.014 x intelligence+0.010 x daring.Conclusion The mental health level of medical students is not optimistic.The compulsive symptoms of medical students can be adjusted from the aspect of personality.