北京市企事业单位人员饮食行为因素与患脑血管病风险的研究

Study on the relationship between dietary behaviors and coronary heart diseases among institutional population in Beijing

目的调查北京市企事业单位在职人员的饮食行为特征并分析其对脑血管病患病情况的影响,为脑血管病的防治提供参考依据。方法于2014年1月至2015年12月采用随机整群抽样方法在北京市抽取6家企事业单位17196名18~60岁员工进行问卷调查,采用Logistic回归分析不同饮食行为对脑血管病患病率的影响。结果调查人群脑血管病患病率为0.74%。饮食行为方面,荤素搭配以荤素各半者为主(71.24%),粗细粮搭配以细粮为主(66.67%),吃饭速度以较快为主(51.16%),吃早餐频率以每天都吃为主(81.81%)。在校正人口学特征、生活方式等混杂因素后,多因素分析结果显示,与不吃早餐的人群相比,每天都吃早餐是脑血管病的保护因素(OR=0.29,95%CI:0.15~0.59)。结论良好早餐习惯可降低北京市企事业单位在职人员脑血管病的患病率。

Objective To investigate the dietary behavior characteristics among employees of enterprises and public institutions in Beijing city and analyze their effects on the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases,and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of cerebrovascular diseases.Methods We carried out a questionnaire survey among17196 employees(aged 18-60 years)recruited with random cluster sampling in 6 enterprises and public institutions in Beijing city from January 2014 to December 2015.Logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of different dietary behaviors on the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease.Results The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease among the participants was 0.74%.In terms of eating behavior,the proportions of the participants reporting following major dietary behaviors were 71.24%for half meat and half vegetable diet,66.67%for taking wheat flour and rice as the main staple diet,51.16%for eating fast,and 81.81%for having breakfast every day,respectively.After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic characteristics and lifestyle,multivariate analysis showed that eating breakfast daily was a protective factor for cerebrovascular disease compared with those who did not eat breakfast(OR=0.29,95%CI:0.15-0.59).Conclusion Good breakfast habits can reduce the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease among employees of enterprises and public institutions in Beijing city.