2018年上海市居民健康素养水平及其影响因素分析

Analysis on health literacy level and its influencing factors among residents in Shanghai,2018

目的分析2018年上海市居民健康素养水平及影响因素,为健康素养提高工作提供参考依据。方法选择2018年上海15~69岁常住人口为调查对象,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法进行抽样,采用复杂抽样统计分析方法进行统计分析,单因素分析采用复杂抽样模型的χ~2检验,多因素分析采用复杂抽样模型的Logistic回归分析方法。结果上海市居民2018年健康素养水平为28.4%,其中健康生活方式与行为素养(28.3%)、传染病防治素养(24.9%)、基本医疗素养(28.8%)、慢性病防治素养(31.5%)相对较低。以下特征为居民健康素养水平提升的保护因素,包括居住在城市(OR=1.31)、年龄在45岁以下(OR=1.02)、高文化程度(OR=1.61~5.51)、高家庭年收入(OR=1.16~1.65)。结论上海居民健康素养水平稳步增长,健康生活方式与行为、传染病防治、慢性病防治、基本医疗素养方面较为薄弱,来自农村、年龄在45岁以上、低文化程度、家庭年收入10万元以下居民以及工人是健康素养的薄弱人群。

Objective To analyze the health literacy level and its influencing factors among residents in Shanghai,and to provide reference for health literacy promotion intervention.Methods The permanent residents aged 15-69 years old in Shanghai in 2018 were selected as the subjects of the survey by multi-stage stratified random sampling method.Statistical analysis was carried out by complex sampling method.The chi-square test of complex sampling model was used for single factor analysis,and the Logistic regression analysis of complex sampling model was used for multifactor analysis.Results The health literacy level of Shanghai residents in 2018 was 28.4%.The health lifestyle and behavior literacy(28.3%),infectious disease prevention and control literacy(24.9%),basic medical literacy(28.8%)and chronic disease prevention and control literacy(31.5%)were relatively low.The following characteristics had positive effects on the improvement of residents’health literacy:living in cities(OR=1.31),less than 45 years old(OR=1.02),high educational level(OR=1.61-5.51),and high annual family income(OR=1.16-1.65).Conclusion The level of health literacy of Shanghai residents has steadily increased.The healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy,the prevention and control of infectious diseases literacy,the prevention and control of chronic diseases literacy and the basic medical literacy are relatively weak.Residents from rural areas,over 45 years old,with low educational level,with annual family income less than 100000 yuan,and workers are the weak groups of health literacy.