江苏省居民健康素养对日常健康行为的影响分析

Analysis on the influence of health literacy on daily healthy behaviors among residents in Jiangsu Province

目的分析居民健康素养对日常健康行为的影响,探索健康素养与健康相关行为的关系。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,抽取江苏省26个区/县15~69岁居民进行健康素养问卷调查、健康相关行为的观察和调查。结果共10477个有效样本。居民6个日常健康行为持有率分别为指甲卫生(87.63%)、早晚刷牙(86.00%)、及时体检(65.05%)、健康睡眠(64.14%)、有锻炼习惯(50.36%)、足量饮水(11.16%)。χ~2检验显示,具备健康素养者的日常健康行为持有率高于不具备健康素养者(指甲卫生:χ~2=179.073,P<0.001;足量饮水:χ~2=48.844,P<0.001;健康睡眠:χ~2=102.179,P<0.001;及时体检:χ~2=119.905,P<0.001;锻炼习惯:χ~2=125.087,P<0.001;早晚刷牙:χ~2=137.406,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,具备健康素养是居民日常健康行为持有的保护因素(指甲卫生:OR=2.171,95%CI:1.672~2.819;足量饮水:OR=1.343,95%CI:1.156~1.561;健康睡眠:OR=1.186,95%CI:1.052~1.338;及时体检:OR=1.401,95%CI:1.241~1.582;锻炼习惯:OR=1.434,95%CI:1.286~1.599;早晚刷牙:OR=1.677,95%CI:1.360~2.069)。Wilcoxon秩和检验显示,具备健康素养者持有正确的日常健康行为数更多(Z=-21.633,P<0.001)。简单相关分析显示,健康素养分数与日常健康行为持有个数间存在正相关关系(r=0.301,P<0.001)。结论高健康素养是居民日常健康行为的保护因素,应着力提升健康素养水平,以促使居民健康行为的养成。

Objective To analyze the impact of residents’health literacy on their daily healthy behaviors and explore the relationship between health literacy and health-related behaviors.Methods Residents aged 15-69 years from 26 districts/counties of Jiangsu Province were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling for health literacy questionnaire survey and health-related behaviors observation and survey.Results A total of 10477 valid samples were obtained.The rate of 6 daily healthy behaviors of residents were Clean fingernails(87.63%),Brushing teeth in the morning and evening(86.00%),Timely physical examination(65.05%),Healthy sleep(64.14%),Exerciseregularly(50.36%),and Drinking enough water(11.16%).Chi-square test showed that residents with health literacy had higher rate of daily healthy behaviors than residents without health literacy(Clean fingernails:χ~2=179.073,P<0.001;Drinking enough water:χ~2=48.844,P<0.001;Healthy sleep:χ~2=102.179,P<0.001;Timely physical examination:χ~2=119.905,P<0.001;Exercise regularly:χ~2=125.087,P<0.001;Brushing teeth in the morning and evening:χ~2=137.406,P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that health literacy was a protective factor for residents’daily healthy behaviors(Clean fingernails:OR=2.171,95%CI:1.672-2.819;Drinking enough water:OR=1.343,95%CI:1.156-1.561;Healthy sleep:OR=1.186,95%CI:1.052-1.338;Timely physical examination:OR=1.401,95%CI:1.241-1.582;Exercise regularly:OR=1.434,95%CI:1.286-1.599;Brushing teeth in the morning and evening:OR=1.677,95%CI:1.360-2.069).Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that residents with health literacy had more correct daily healthy behaviors(Z=-21.633,P<0.001).Simple correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between health literacy score and the number of daily health behaviors(r=0.301,P<0.001).Conclusion High health literacy is a protective factor of residents’daily healthy behaviors,and it is necessary to improve the level of health literacy to promote the development of residents’healthy behaviors.