单纯性肥胖青少年健康素养状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of health literacy status and influencing factors in simple obese adolescents

目的了解单纯性肥胖青少年健康素养状况以及影响因素,为单纯性肥胖青少年健康教育提供支持。方法在焦作市采用方便抽样的原则依据中国肥胖问题工作组制定的肥胖筛查标准对城乡各10所中学的2042名单纯性肥胖青少年进行健康素养自编问卷调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果单纯性肥胖青少年具备健康素养的比例为42.21%;具备功能性、批判性、互动性健康素养的青少年分别为45.79%、60.92%、39.08%。总健康素养方面,在城乡、是否流动人口、母亲文化程度、父亲文化程度、家庭关系、家庭经济状况、教养方式等方面均存在统计学意义(χ~2=20.44、34.09、28.2、55.51、39.93、103.17、27.89,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,城市与乡村学生相比更有利于健康素养的养成(OR=0.752);流动与非流动相比,不利于健康素养培养(OR=0.862);无母亲和父亲对子女健康素养均不利(OR=1.427、1.416);单亲或重组家庭与几代同堂相比不利于健康素养培养(OR=1.348);家庭关系一般和较差的与和谐家庭相比不利于健康素养的养成(OR=1.462、1.589);教养方式专制型和忽视型与权威型相比更不利于健康素养培养及养成(OR=1.576、1.624)。结论单纯性肥胖青少年健康素养水平较低,城乡和家庭关系对单纯性肥胖青少年健康素养影响显著。

Objective To understand the health status and influencing factors of simple obese adolescents in Jiaozuo City and provide support for the health education of simple obese adolescents.Methods According to the principle of convenient sampling in Jiaozuo City,based on the obesity screening criteria established by the Chinese Obesity Working Group,2042 simple obese adolescents in 10 secondary schools in both urban and rural areas were surveyed by questionnaires on their health literacy.The results were statistically analyzed.Results The proportion of healthy obese adolescents in Jiaozuo City was 42.21%;that of adolescents with functional,critical and interactive health literacy was 45.79%,60.92%,and 39.08%,respectively.In terms of total health literacy,there are statistically significant differences in urban and rural areas,migrant population,maternal education,father’s education,family relationships,family economic status,and parenting practices(χ~2=20.44,34.09,28.2,55.51,39.93,103.17,27.89;P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with rural students,urbanization is more conducive to the development of health literacy(OR=0.752);compared with non-flow,it is not conducive to healthy literacy training(OR=0.862);no mother and father are unfavorable to children’s health literacy(OR=1.427,1.416);single parent or recombined family is not conducive to health literacy training(OR=1.348)compared with several generations of the same family;family relationship is generally not good compared with harmonious family,which is not conducive to the development of health literacy(OR=1.462,1.589);the method of parenting and neglect is more unfavorable than the authoritative type of health literacy training and development(OR=1.576,1.624).Conclusion The level of health literacy of adolescents with simple obesity in Jiaozuo City is relatively low,and the relationship between urban and rural areas and families has a significant effect on the health literacy of adolescents with simple obesity.