2013年与2017年湖北省慢性病防治素养水平对比分析

Analysis on the development of chronic disease literacy in Hubei Province in 2013 and 2017

目的了解湖北省居民慢性病防治素养水平及其影响因素,为制定防控慢性病的政策及健康教育干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段与PPS抽样法在2013年及2017年分别对湖北省12个监测点的15~69岁常住人口进行调查,以问卷调查方式对调查对象慢性病防治素养水平进行测评。结果居民在"儿童青少年也可患抑郁症"(2013年/2017年知晓率为86.9%/85.2%)、"蔬菜与水果不可相互替换"(2013年/2017年知晓率为63.8%/72.0%)等题目的知晓率较高,而在"豆制品对身体的好处"(2013年/2017年知晓率为-/4.3%)的题目上知晓率却极低。年龄(χ~2=167.415,P<0.001)、文化程度(χ~2=482.718,P<0.001)、家庭年收入(χ~2=4.350,P=0.026)是影响慢性病素养水平的主要因素;年龄越小、文化程度越高、家庭年收入越高的人群具备更高的慢性病素养水平。2013—2017年5年间慢性病素养水平有了显著的提升。结论近5年湖北省居民慢性病健康素养水平有了显著提升,应继续探索慢性病健康教育的新方法,有针对性地加大对知晓率低的内容的健康教育力度,以低文化程度低收入等人群为重点干预对象,进一步提高居民慢性病健康素养水平。

Objective To investigate the chronic disease literacy in Hubei province,and provide evidence for policy formulating on prevent and control chronic diseases and improving the chronic disease literacy.Methods By using multistage stratified and PPS sampling method,the permanent resident population aged 15-69 years old from 12 monitor districts were investigated with a questionnaire about chronic disease literacy.Results The residents hadhigher awareness rate of"children and adolescents can also suffer from depression"(the awareness rate in 2013/2017 was 86.9%/85.2%),"vegetables and fruits cannot replace each other"(the awareness rate in 2013/2017 was 63.8%/72.0%)and other questions,while the awareness rate of"the health benefits of soy products"(the awareness rate in 2013/2017 was-/4.3%)was very low.Age(χ~2=167.415,P<0.001),education level(χ~2=482.718,P<0.001),annual household income(χ~2=4.350,P=0.026)were the main factors affecting the level of chronic disease prevention literacy.The younger,more educated and the family with higher annual income also had higher levels of chronic disease literacy.The level of chronic disease literacy had been significantly improved from 2013 to 2017.Conclusion In recent 5 years,the residents’chronic disease literacy in Hubei province hadbeen significantly promoted.New approaches to chronic diseases health education should be explored,and the health education content should be focus onthe content with low awareness,especially the people with low cultural level and low-income,to further improve the level of residents’chronic health literacy.