2016年河北省居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析

A study on the Current Status and Influential Factors of Health Literacy of Urban and Rural Residents in Hebei Province in 2016

目的通过居民健康素养监测,分析河北省居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为卫生行政部门制定健康教育与健康促进相关政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段与人口规模成比例的抽样(PPS)相结合的抽样方法,抽取全省15~69岁的常住人口作为调查对象,进行问卷调查。结果河北省共调查城乡居民3435人,男性占比48.38%,女性占比51.62%,男女性别比为1.07:1,城市人口占比49.65%,农村人口占比50.35%,城乡人口比为1.01:1。经过加权调整后,2016年河北省总体居民健康素养水平为10.37%(95%CI:7.07%~14.95%),城市素养水平(19.00%)高于农村(7.94%)(P<0.05),男性素养水平9.04%,女性11.72%。健康素养3个方面中,基本知识和理念素养水平最高(22.52%),健康生活方式与行为素养水平最低(7.53%)。6类问题中,安全与急救素养最高(48.36%),慢性病防治素养最低(8.42%)。Logistic回归分析结果表明:文化程度、职业和家庭人均年收入是河北省居民健康素养水平的影响因素。结论河北省居民健康素养水平较低,有待于全面提高,应以提高农村地区、低文化程度和低收入群体的健康素养水平为重点,充分调动全社会力量,促进居民将基本知识和理念向健康生活方式与行为转变。

Objective To know about the current health literacy status of urban and rural residents in Hebei Province,and provide scientific suggestions for developing health promotion and education strategy.Methods With the combined methods of multi-stage stratified,PPS,simple random sampling,the investigation extracted the sample randomly from14 districts.The respondents were 3435 urban and rural residents of 15-69 years old who were selected to complete a health literacy questionnaire.Results The overall level of residents’health literacy in Hebei province in 2016 is 10.37%;The level of male’s health literacy was 9.04%and that of female 11.72%.The percentage of health literacy in urban residents is higher than rural residents,and the percentage of health literacy is statistically significantly correlated with the Urban and rural property(P<0.05).Among them,the basic concept of knowledge and literacy levels is 22.52%.Healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy level is 7.53%.The basic knowledge and literacy of the residents are the highest and behavior literacy level the lowest.Chronic disease prevention literacy level is 8.42%.Safety and first aid literacy level is 48.36%.The safety and first aid literacy occupies the highest rate,while the chronic disease prevention is the lowest.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis shows that the educational background,household income and Occupation are the main influential factors for the health literacy of Hebei residents.Conclusion Health literacy of Hebei residents is still in a low level in 2016.When the health promotion work is carried out,it is necessary to focus on the rural residents,the lower educational level and the lower household income of the population as the key intervention group.According to current situation of urban and rural residents’health literacy in Hebei province,the need to build health information platform,take measures to carry out targeted health education,to improve the provincial health literacy level.