面向核医学成像的半导体探测器研究现状与展望

Research Status and Prospects of Semiconductor Detectors for Nuclear Medical Imaging

核辐射探测器是核医学成像设备的核心部件,探测器技术的发展不断带动核医学影像技术的发展。与传统的闪烁体探测器不同,半导体探测器具有卓越的能量分辨率、像素级的位置分辨率、极高的光电转换效率等优点,被认为是新一代高性能核医学成像系统的发展方向之一。针对核医学成像领域,首先,概述半导体探测器的工作原理和性能以及其在核医学领域的应用。其次,介绍3种主要的半导体探测器的研究进展。其中,碲锌镉探测器已应用于商业化单光子发射计算机断层成像系统,其他半导体材料如铯铅溴单晶,其γ射线探测性能与碲锌镉材料相当,且成本低廉,具有应用潜力。最后,结合核医学成像应用的需求,展望半导体探测器的发展趋势和研究重点。

The nuclear radiation detector is the core component of the nuclear medicine imaging system.The development of detector technology continuously promotes the development of nuclear medicine imaging technology.In contrast to the traditional scintillator detectors,semiconductor detectors have excellent energy resolution,pixel-level position resolution,and extremely high photoelectric conversion efficiency,which are considered as one of the development directions of the next generation of high-performance nuclear medicine imaging systems.Here,this paper first briefly summarizes the operation principle and performance of semiconductor detectors and their applications in nuclear medicine.Then,it focuses on the research progress of three main semiconductor detectors.Among them,cadmium zinc telluride detectors have been applied in commercial single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)systems.Other semiconductor materials such as cesium lead bromide single crystal,which has comparable gamma-ray detection performance to cadmium zinc telluride material and is cost-effective,thus having potential for application.Finally,combined with the demands of nuclear medicine imaging applications,this paper outlooks the future emphasis and research priorities of semiconductor detectors.