船舶险兆事件主动报告影响因素

Factors Influencing Initiative of Reporting Near-Miss Incident Onboard Ships

为探究船员发现险兆事件后主动报告意愿的影响因素,提出船员主动参与船舶安全风险管控的策略,从组织、船员和信息系统等3个层面构建包含21项指标的影响船员主动报告船舶险兆事件的主观意愿影响因素指标体系。综合应用专家评估法和模糊层次分析法(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process,FAHP)识别该指标体系中的关键影响因素。结果表明:对上报船员的保密性、对上报船员的非处罚性、担心在船上被其他船员孤立、报送渠道的便利性和对报送流程的了解等是影响船员报告意愿的关键因素,应采取针对性措施提升航运安全风险预控水平。

Collecting and analyzing the information from near-miss incidents reported by crewmembers is one of the effective measures to improve the safety level at sea.In order to explore the influencing factors affecting crew’s willingness to report near-miss incidents,an index system including 21 indicators is built,reflecting the situations of organization,crew member and information system.The FAHP(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process)and expert evaluation are carried out together to identify and rank the factors.The key factors affecting the willingness of the crew members to report an incident includes:whether the reporting can be in private;whether the exemption from punishment is granted;the concern for relationship with other crew members;the easiness of reporting and the understanding of reporting process by crewmembers.Accordingly,the related measures should be taken to improve the risk pre-control level.