北京市某区学龄前儿童安全乘车行为调查

Status and influencing factors of preschool child car passenger safety behaviors:an online survey among parents of kindergarten children in a district of Beijing

目的了解北京市某区学龄前儿童乘车行为情况及影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,于2021年12月27—31日,通过网络对6所幼儿园的3264名3~6岁幼儿家长进行使用儿童安全座椅安全乘车行为的网络在线调查。结果回收有效问卷3143份,有效率为96.29%。儿童安全乘车行为比例为38.56%,非安全乘车行为占61.44%,其中车用安全带占31.88%,家长怀抱占21.16%,没有任何保护措施占8.40%。独生子女家庭使用儿童安全座椅的安全乘车行为比例(43.75%)高于非独生子女(34.05%),知晓安全座椅立法家长(47.66%)高于不知晓家长(20.88%),儿童安全乘车正确认知(47.58%)高于错误认知(28.54%),高频次佩戴安全带家长(41.25%)高于低频次(11.07%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,家庭为独生子女家庭(OR=1.376)、家庭年收入≥24万元(OR=1.368)、知晓安全座椅立法(OR=3.325)、对儿童安全乘车正确认知(OR=1.991)、高频次佩戴安全带(OR=5.231)的家长是影响儿童安全乘车行为的保护因素。结论学龄前儿童安全乘车行为相对较低。应对不知晓安全座椅立法、儿童安全乘车认知错误、家庭收入偏低、非独生子女家庭且使用安全带频次偏低的家长进行重点干预,以确保儿童乘车安全。

Objective To examine car passenger safety behaviors and its associates among preschool children in a district of Beijing.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling and a self-designed questionnaire,we conducted an online anonymous survey among parents of 3264 children aged 3–6 years recruited from 6 kindergartens in a district of Beijing during 27–31 December 2021.Results Of the 3134 participants(96.29%of the parents recruited)with eligible responses,38.56%reported using child safety seats for their kids in cars,followed by 31.88%and 21.16%reporting seat belt use and holding the kids in arms by caregivers while driving;taking no safety precautions at all was reported by 8.40%of the participants.Higher rates of child safety seat use were reported by parents of only children(43.75%vs.34.05%),who were aware of child safety seat legislation(47.66%vs.20.88%),had correct knowledge of child car passenger safety(47.58%vs.28.54%),and always buckled up while driving contrasted with those reported by parents of two or more children,who were unaware of child safety seat legislation,had misconceptions about child car passenger safety,and did not always wear seat belt.Multivariate logistic regression analysis following promoting factors for the parents'child car passenger safety practices:having an only child(odds ratio[OR]=1.376),with an annual household income 240000 Chinese yuan and more(OR=1.368),being aware of safety seat legislation(OR=3.325),with correct knowledge of child car passenger safety(OR=1.991),and always wearing seat belt while driving(OR=5.231).Conclusion Child car passenger safety practice is at a relatively low level and influenced by parental demographic and economic status,awareness of knowledge about child car passenger safety,and safety driving behavior among the parents of preschool children in a district of Beijing,suggesting that relevant targeted interventions need to be promoted among the parents.