河北省主要酿酒葡萄产区气象条件分析

Meteorological investigation and analysis of main wine grape producing areas in Hebei Province

为准确了解河北省主要酿酒葡萄产区气象条件,对8个产区(昌黎、抚宁、怀来、卢龙、宣化、阳原、涿鹿、遵化)的日照时数、日照率、年平均气温、月平均气温、最热月平均气温、年活动积温、气温日较差、平均年降水量及降水量分布进行统计和分析,综合评判8个产区的气象条件。数据分析结果显示:8个产区的年日照时数为2483~2941 h,年日照率均在56%以上,最热月平均气温均大于23℃,年活动积温均大于3500℃,各产区气象条件均能够满足葡萄在各个物候期的要求;降水均集中在6—9月,冀西北产区降水量相对较小,冀东北产区降水量较大。从光照、气温、降水等气象因子综合分析,昌黎、抚宁、卢龙、遵化是晚熟酿酒葡萄品种的理想产地,宣化、阳原应以发展早熟、中熟佐餐酒葡萄品种为主,涿鹿、怀来可种植极晚熟葡萄品种。

In order to accurately understand the meteorological conditions for main wine grape producing areas in Hebei Province, the sunshine hours, sunshine rate, annual average temperature, monthly average temperature, average temperature of the hottest month, annual active accumulated temperature, daily temperature range, average annual precipitation and its distribution of eight producing areas(Changli, Funing, Huailai, Lulong, Xuanhua, Yangyuan, Zhuolu,Zunhua) were counted and analyzed, and the meteorological conditions in eight producing areas were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the annual sunshine hours in eight producing areas were 2 483~2 941 h, the annual sunshine rate was over 56%, the average temperature of the hottest month was over 23 ℃, the annual active accumulated temperature was greater than 3 500 ℃. The meteorological conditions in each producing area meet the requirements of grapes in each phenological period. The precipitation was concentrated from June to September, the precipitation in northwest Hebei was relatively small, and the precipitation in northeast Hebei was relatively big. From the comprehensive analysis of meteorological factors such as light, temperature and precipitation, Changli, Funing, Lulong and Zunhua are ideal places for late-ripening wine grape varieties, while Xuanhua and Yangyuan should mainly develop early-ripening and medium-ripening table wine grape varieties, very late-ripening grape varieties can be grown in Zhuolu and Huailai.