新中国成立70年来研究生奖助政策的变迁逻辑与优化选择——基于历史制度主义的视角

The Change Logic and Optimal Choice of Postgraduate Financial Aid Policy Over the Past 70 Years Since the Founding of People’s Republic of China:From the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

新中国成立70年以来,我国研究生奖助政策历经初步建立、渐进式发展和内涵式发展三个阶段的变迁。基于历史制度主义视角,以研究生奖助政策发展的关键节点为线索,分析发现:经济体制基础、权力管理模式、思想观念环境是其深层结构,政策制定主体的自我强化趋势和高校行动者精英团体的支持作用是路径依赖的主要原因,内部供需矛盾和外部示范效应是激活研究生奖助政策变迁的动力。完善研究生奖助政策内涵,需突破路径依赖,强化立德树人导向,加强奖助政策中国特色,建立反馈评估机制。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the postgraduate financial aid policy has experienced three stages: initial establishment, gradual development and connotative development. Based on the perspective of historical institutionalism and taking the key nodes of the development of postgraduate financial aid policy as clues, this paper analyzes and finds that the economic system foundation, power management mode and ideological environment are its deep structure, the self strengthening trend of policy makers and the supporting role of elite groups of university actors are the main reasons for path dependence, and the internal supply-demand contradiction and external demonstration effect are the motive force to activate the change of postgraduate financial aid policy. In order to improve the connotation of the policy, we need to break through the path dependence,strengthen the guidance of morality, strengthen the Chinese characteristics of the policy, and establish a feedback evaluation mechanism.