人民团体规章:概念、体系和效力

人民团体规章是中华全国总工会、中国共产主义青年团、中华全国妇女联合会等人民团体制定的专门规章制度。除下辖各级各类组织的产生和职责外,人民团体规章主要规定人民团体的履职和活动。相应地,各人民团体规章可划分为履行职责规章制度、自身建设规章制度、团体组织规章制度三个子集。人民团体规章的效力整体低于国家法律和党内法规。在某些具体领域,人民团体可以制定发挥实定法作用的规章制度,并在不违反基本法律原则的条件下被司法机关接受。人民团体规章不仅能够规范本人民团体组织和成员的行为和活动,也可能规范其他组织和个人的行为和活动。部分实定法化和具有对外效力是人民团体规章不同于一般社会组织内部规范的特征。

The People’s Organizations’Bylaw(POB)refers to the formalized regulations of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions,the Communist Youth League of China,the All-China Women’s Federation,and other people’s organizations.Besides the formation and function of units of various levels and types,POB mainly prescribes the duties and activities of people’s organizations.Correspondingly,each and every people’s organization’s bylaws should be categorized into three subsystems:duty-discharging regulations,internal development regulations,and organizational regulations.POB can be overridden by municipal laws and intraparty regulations.In specific areas,the people’s organizations have enacted bylaws which are of legal positivity and judicial applicability,so long as these rules are coherent with the principles of major laws.POBs not only administer internal units and personnel of a people’s organization,but may also supervise other organizations and individuals.POB is characterized by partial positivization and external effect,which makes it distinct from the internal norms of ordinary societal organizations.