中国与坦桑尼亚医疗卫生合作60年——基于国际社会对坦桑尼亚医疗卫生援助视角分析

60 Years of Medical and Health Cooperation between China and Tanzania:From the Perspective of the International Medical and Health Assistance to Tanzania

自独立以来,坦桑尼亚已初步建成一套覆盖全国的医疗卫生体系,但目前仍面临资金困难、医护人力资源有限、民众求医问药负担较重等难题,而这些问题在桑给巴尔地区更为严重。美国、英国、瑞士、日本、国际开发协会、非洲发展银行、全球基金、欧盟等国家和国际组织对坦桑尼亚在医疗卫生领域进行发展援助,呈现出长期性、援助内容系统性、政经层面连带性等特点。中坦双方在医疗卫生领域合作历史悠久、效果显著,中国除派遣医疗队外,还援建专科医疗中心、实行对口医院建设,并联合多方组织开展公共卫生合作。未来中坦双方可从四方面入手深化医疗卫生合作,为推动构建中非命运共同体和人类卫生健康共同体作出更大贡献。

Since independence,Tanzania has initially established a health-care system covering the whole country,but it is now still facing problems such as financial difficulties,limited human resources,and people’s incapacity to afford it.These problems are particularly acute in the Zanzibar region.Countries and international organizations such as the United States,the United Kingdom,Switzerland,the International Development Association,the Global Fund,the African Development Bank,and the European Union have provided development assistance to Tanzania in the field of health care,showing characteristics of long-term nature,systematic aid content,and connectivity at the political and economic levels,etc.With a long history of cooperation in the field of health care,China and Tanzania have achieved remarkable results.Apart from sending medical teams,China is also assisting in the construction of specialist medical centers,implementing counterpart hospitals,and collaborating with various organizations to conduct public health cooperation.In the future,China and Tanzania can start from four aspects to deepen bilateral medical and health cooperation,and make greater contributions to promoting the construction of a China-Africa community with a shared future,and a community of common health for mankind.