分析增材制造标准 突破产业发展瓶颈

Analysis of Additive Manufacturing Standards,Break Industry Development Bottlenecks

通过关注、分析以2020年12月国内发布的73项和以美国、德国、日本、ISO国际组织发布的115项增材制造标准为基础结合增材制造技术特点进行综合研判,本文认为一方面应从现有的基础和方法标准入手,另一方面强化在管理层面的引导与扶持,才是当下行之有效解决瓶颈的方法。其中粉末、塑料线材丝材、树脂原材料推荐25项特性、30多种检验检测方法;在过程控制、工艺监测和成品零部件的检验检测需借助计算机辅助在线进行,首推无损检验检测方法,再结合结构特性、机械性能特性、缺陷及其他特性三个维度的中角度公差、密度、拉伸、弯曲、冲击、应力以及超声、渗透等无损检验15项参数73项检验检测方法进行。

By analyzing 73 Chinese standards released in December 2020 and 115 additive manufacturing standards of the United States,Germany,Japan and ISO,combined with the characteristics of additive manufacturing technology,the author believed that on the one hand,we should start with the existing foundation and method standards,and on the other hand,strengthen the guidance and support at the management level,which is the effective way to solve the bottleneck at the moment.Among them,powder,plastic wire and silk,resin raw materials are recommended to use more than 30 kinds of inspection and testing methods with 25 characteristics;in process control,process monitoring and inspection and testing of finished parts need to be carried out online with the aid of computer-aided,the first non-destructive inspection and testing methods,and then combined with structural characteristics,mechanical properties characteristics,defects and other characteristics of the three dimensions of the mid-angle tolerance,density,tensile,bending,impact,stress and ultrasonic,penetration and other 73 non-destructive testing methods with 15 parameters.