在标准编制中容易出现的问题和解决方案

Problems and Solutions for the Development of Ship Standards

标准不同于论文或技术报告,标准是"为了在一定范围内获得最佳秩序,经协商一致制定并由公认机构批准,共同使用的和重复使用的一种规范性文件"。标准的内容应包括标准化对象的规范性技术要素、规范性一般要素、资料性概述要求和资料性补充要素等4类,不应包括解释性语句和多余的资料性信息。然而由于标准起草人对标准起草规则(GB/T 1.1—2020)理解程度深浅不一,笔者从事船舶标准审查工作数年,发现了一些常见的共性问题,为提高标准编写人员的编写水平,笔者就这些常见的共性问题进行了阐述并提出了合理的解决方案,供标准编写人员参考,其他行业标准亦可借鉴。

Different from academic paper or technical report,standard is"a kind of normative document which is jointly used and reused by consensus and approved by recognized institutions in order to obtain the best order within a certain range".The content of standard shall include four categories:normative technical elements,normative general elements,informative general requirements and informative supplementary elements.Explanatory statements and redundant information should be excluded.However,there are different understandings of the standard drafting rules of GB/T 1.1—2020.The author has been engaged in the review of ship standards for several years,and found some common problems.In order to improve the compilation level of the standard drafters,the author has expounded on common problems and provided reasonable solutions,which can be used for reference in other industry standards.