质子交换膜燃料电池水管理故障预警技术

Water Management and Fault Diagnosis Technique for PEM Fuel Cells

水管理是车用燃料电池优化控制的重要课题。本文通过研究15片电堆在不同水管理状态下的相关参数的变化规律,包括HFR、电压、气体阻力降等,提出了适用于电堆膜干、水淹预警的方法。膜干状态下最显著的特征是HFR的异常增大,可以以HFR为膜干的预警诊断参数。水淹状态下,单片电压下降或波动,伴随阳极和阴极的气体阻力降升高,可以以此作为诊断参数。另外,多节电池构成的电堆需要考虑各节电池之间的差异性,各单片电压的标准差和各个单片电压应作为诊断参数。本文的水管理预警方法考虑了电堆各节单电池之间的一致性问题,以及最新的流场设计、材料组成对相关诊断参数的影响,对燃料电池的工程化应用提供了有益指导。

Water management is a key issue for optimal control of vehicular fuel cell.By studying the change trend of related parameters of 15-cell fuel cells in various water management conditions,including HFR,voltage,and gas pressure drop.We put forward a fault diagnosis technique for PEM fuel cell drying and flooding prediction.During PEM drying,it is found that the most obvious change is the abnormal increase of HFR,which can be used as a prediction parameter.During flooding,it is found that cell voltage decreases or fluctuates,and cathode and anode gas pressure increase,which can be used as diagnosis parameters.Besides,considering the difference between various cells in a multi-cell fuel cell,standard deviation and various cell voltages can also be used as diagnosis parameters.Water management and fault diagnosis technique in this paper take into account the voltage consistency for multi-cell fuel cells,updated flow field and material components,providing useful guidance for industrialization of fuel cells.