可追溯体系对养猪场户的停药期的影响研究——来自京、冀、辽的证据

STUDY ON THE TRACEABILITY SYSTEM AFFECT THE BEHAVIOR OF PIG FARMERS DURING THE WITHDRAWAL PERIOD——EVIDENCE FROM BEIJING, HEBEI AND LIAONING

[目的]分析评价猪肉可追溯体系对养猪场户用药行为的影响可以丰富规制养殖者质量安全控制行为的政策手段,从而实现畜产品质量安全的有效保障。[方法]文章基于猪肉可追溯建设试点城市与等非试点城市的养猪场户调查数据,使用描述性统计、二元Logit模型实证分析可追溯体系建设及其他因素对养猪场户停药期的影响。[结果](1)统计显示,随着猪肉可追溯体系建设的推进,同一追溯试点城市养猪场户执行停药期的行为得优化提升;追溯试点城市养猪场户的停药期执行行为显著优于非试点城市,初步证明可追溯体系对养猪场户停药期的正向影响。(2)计量模型回归结果表明,可追溯体系建设对生猪养猪场户执行停药期的影响显著为正,在剔除掉北京市的"先发优势"后,这一结果仍保持稳健。(3)受教育程度、养殖规模、加入合作社、政府监管等变量对养猪场户执行停药期的影响显著为正,而选择签订销售合同对养猪场户执行停药期的影响显著为负。[结论]猪肉可追溯体系能够对养猪场户的用药行为产生规制作用,从而实现猪肉质量安全的有效保障。据此提出扩大可追溯体系试点城市建设,对可追溯体系试点城市的养猪场户进行适当补贴和加强养猪场户产业组织建设等建议。

This research aims to analyze and evaluate the influence of pork traceability system on the behavior of farmers in pig farm,which can enrich the policy means to regulate the behavior of quality and safety control of farmers,so as to realize the effective guarantee of the quality and safety of livestock products.Based on the survey data of pig farmers in pilot cities and other non-pilot cities,this research used descriptive statistics and binary Logit model to analyze the impact of traceability system construction and other factors on the drug withdrawal period of pig farmers.As a result,three conclusions were shown as follows.(1)Statistics showed that with the development of pork traceability system,the behavior of farmers in the same pilot pig farm had been optimized and improved;the behavior of farmers in the pilot city was significantly better than that in the non-pilot city,which initially proved that the traceability system had a positive impact on the drug withdrawal period.(2)The regression results of the econometric model showed that the construction of traceability system had a significant positive impact on the implementation of the drug withdrawal period in pig farms.After removing the"first mover advantage"of Beijing,this result remained stable.(3)Education level,breeding scale,joining cooperatives,government supervision and other variables had a significant positive impact on the implementation of drug withdrawal period,while the effect of signing sales contract on the implementation of drug withdrawal period was significantly negative.The pork traceability system can regulate the drug use behavior of pig farmers,so as to ensure the quality and safety of pork effectively.Based on this,the paper puts forward some suggestions,such as expanding the construction of pilot cities of traceability system,giving appropriate subsidies to the pig farmers in the pilot cities of traceability system and strengthening the industrial organization construction of pig farmers.