认定等级差异视角下休闲农业经营主体效率分析——以南京市休闲农业经营主体为例

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF LEISURE AGRICULTURAL BUSINESSES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DIFFERRENT RECOGNITION LEVELS——TAKING NANJING LEISURE AGRICULTURAL BUSINESSES AS AN EXAMPLE

[目的]在政府大力推进休闲农业发展的背景下,合理测算不同认定等级休闲农业经营主体效率,分析当前认定等级对休闲农业经营主体效率的影响,对于完善现有认定体系、引导休闲农业经营主体效率提升以及促进休闲农业健康可持续发展具有重要作用和意义。[方法]基于2019年南京市72家规模以上休闲农业经营主体调查数据,文章采用数据包络分析法(DEA)方法,兼顾休闲农业经营主体经济效益和社会效益的多重发展目标,更合理、准确地对休闲农业经营主体效率进行测算,分析不同认定等级休闲农业经营主体的效率差异及其成因。[结果]随着休闲农业经营主体认定等级的提高,其综合技术效率、规模效率以及纯技术效率等指标并未同步提高;休闲农业经营主体土地与劳动力投入随着认定等级提高,存在不同程度冗余现象。[结论]建议进一步完善各级各类休闲农业经营主体认定指标体系、政策支持体系与认定类型,同时加强认定观念引导与宣传,通过加强政策引导与资源支持,推进休闲农业主体和休闲农业的健康可持续发展。

Currently,Chinese government has been vigorously promoting the development of leisure agriculture.Under this circumstance,it is significant to scientifically measure the efficiency of leisure agricultural businesses of different recognition levels and analyze the impact of current recognition system on business efficiency.This research could play a key role in improving the recognition system,enhancing the efficiency of leisure agricultural businesses,and facilitating the healthy development of this industry.Nanjing has a developed level of leisure agriculture and plays a leading role in this industry in China.However,under the current policy support system,Nanjing’s leisure agriculture also has problems such as serious homogenization competition and insufficient development potential.Based on this situation,a survey was conducted in Nanjing in 2019,and 72 leisure agricultural businesses were under investigation.According to the survey data,using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)method,this paper estimated the efficiency of leisure agricultural businesses by considering multiple development goals of economic and social benefits.Moreover,the efficiency differences and causes were thoroughly analyzed.As a result,there were three conclusions as follows.Firstly,although the recognition level of leisure agricultural businesses was higher,the technical efficiency,scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency generally showed a downward trend instead.Secondly,as the recognition level increased,the land and labor input showed the evidence of redundancy to varying degrees.Thirdly,the pure technical efficiency of leisure agricultural business entities in the non-certified group was higher than that of the certified group.To conclude,this study suggests that it is crucial to further improve the recognition system of leisure agricultural businesses,strengthen the guidance and propaganda of recognition policy,and promote the sustainable development of leisure agriculture industry through policy guidance and resource support.