基于农户满意度的土地整治评估——以黑龙江省友谊县为例

EVALUATION OF LAND IMPROVEMENT BASED ON FARMERS’ SATISFACTION——A CASE STUDY OF YOUYI COUNTY,HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

[目的]土地整治作为一项保障民生的重要措施,事关农业发展,农民增收,农村增美,更是落实推进乡村振兴战略重要方面。因此,农民满意度对于衡量土地整治的成效具有重要作用,对优化"三生"空间布局具有深远的意义。[方法]文章通过对研究区10个样本村进行实地调研,借助熵权TOPSIS模型和多元线性回归模型对研究区的土地整治满意度和影响满意度因子进行了分析。[结果](1)研究区农户文化程度多为小学及小学以下,农业收入占比较大,农户参与土地整治工程积极性较高,并且对于土地整治的效果较为关注;(2)4个满意度指标的整体得分值较高,说明区域土地整治效果较好;(3)农户人均收入、原有田块整治度、原有道路完善度、原有灌溉完善度对土地整治工程实施满意度均有正向相关作用,平均坡度和到城镇最小距离对土地整治工程实施满意度具有负向相关作用。想要提高土地整治工程满意度,需从田块本身研究出发,综合考虑田块完善度、道路条件、灌排条件以及区位条件,从而建设农户满意度更高的土地整治工程。[结论]要提高农户对工程建设的满意度,建议前期对项目区田块自身条件和区位条件、道路和灌排条件以及农户收入进行深入调查,尽可能广泛听取农户意见,争取更多农户参与,建设可以调整农业生产结构,转移非农劳动力,改善生态环境,提高农户收益的高质量、高标准土地整治工程。

As an important measure to protect the people’s livelihood,land renovation is related to the development of agriculture,the increase of farmers’income,the enhancement of rural beauty,and the implementation of the strategy of promoting rural revitalization.Therefore,farmers’satisfaction plays an important role in measuring the effect of land renovation and has far-reaching significance in optimizing the spatial layout of Sansheng.Through the field investigation of 10 sample villages in the study area,the satisfaction and influencing factors of land improvement in the study area were analyzed with the help of entropy weight TOPSIS model and multiple linear regression model.The results were showed as follows.(1)In the study area,the education level of farmers was mostly primary school and below,the agricultural income accounted for a large proportion,the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the land remediation project was high,and they paid more attention to the effect of land remediation;(2)The overall score value of four satisfaction indicators was high,indicating that the effect of regional land remediation was good;(3)The per capita income of farmers,the original land remediation degree,the original road improvement degree and original irrigation perfection had positive correlation to the satisfaction of the implementation of land remediation projects,and the average slope and the minimum distance to the town had negative correlation to the satisfaction of the implementation of land remediation projects.In order to improve the satisfaction of land remediation projects,we needed to start from the research of the land itself,and comprehensively consider the land perfection,road conditions,irrigation and drainage conditions and location conditions,so as to build a land remediation project with higher satisfaction of farmers.In order to improve farmers’satisfaction with the project construction,it is suggested to conduct an in-depth investigation on the field conditions and location conditions,road and irrigation and drainage conditions as well as farmers’income in the project area in the early stage,listen to farmers’opinions as widely as possible,strive for more farmers’participation,and build high-quality and high-standard land consolidation projects that can adjust the agricultural production structure,transfer non-agricultural labor,improve the ecological environment and increase farmers’income.