基于“模糊美学”的阐释——论王明居《周易》符号意象体系

The Interpretation of“Fuzzy Aesthetics”:A Review of Wang Mingju’s Semiotic Yixiang System of Zhouyi

王明居基于“模糊美学”原理对《周易》符号意象体系进行了深刻的学理剖析,将《周易》美学研究上升到抽象哲理的维度,是当代意象论美学的重要成果,也为美学科学化做出了贡献。本文从三个方面对其成果进行阐述:第一,王明居论证了以“模糊美学”原理阐释《周易》的合理性和科学性,他认为《周易》是远古人观照自然现象,并将审美感受加以符号化的产物,远古人的“互渗思维”使其意象语言表现为“多值逻辑”和“二值逻辑”并存,并呈现模糊美;第二,王明居指出《周易》符号意象是抽象之意与再现之象的结合体,“象”在主体创造力和想象力的作用下形成“象外之象”,即审美化的“模糊意象”;第三,王明居提出《周易》符号意象体系的三个层次——观物取象、立象尽意、得意忘象,三者之间体现出主观化到抽象化再到符号化的演变过程。

Based on the principle of“Fuzzy aesthetics”,Wang Mingju made a profound theoretical analysis of Semiotic Yixiang(意象)system of Zhouyi(周易),and elevated the research on Yixiang aesthetics of Zhouyi to the abstract dimension,which is a great achievement of contemporary Yixiang studies.It is a contribution to scientification on aesthetic research.This paper expounds from three aspects:firstly,Wang Mingju demonstrated the rationality of using the principle of“Fuzzy aesthetics”to explain Zhouyi.He considered that Zhouyi was the result of the ancients who observed the natural phenomena and symbolized their aesthetic feelings simultaneously.In the meanwhile,“Thinking of Participation”leads to Yixiang language appears as the coexistence of“multi-valued logic”and“twovalued logic”,it also presented the fuzzy beauty.Secondly,Wang Mingju pointed out that the symbolic Yixiang in Zhouyi is a combination of abstract Yi and representative Xiang.Under the influence of the human creativity and imagination,“Xiang”could form into“The Figure Beyond a Figure”,which is the aestheticized“Fuzzy Yixiang”.Thirdly,Wang Mingju put forward three levels of the Semiotic Yixiang system of Zhouyi that is:Observing objects(Wu)for figures(Xiang),Arranging figures to convey all meanings,obtaining images(Yi)beyond figures.Those three levels reflect the evolution process from the subjectivity to the abstraction and then to symbolization.