《论语》中“游”的意蕴分析

An Analysis of the Meaning of“You”in the Analects of Confucius

在周代以降的文献中,“游”之活动大多被理解为一种以愉悦为目的的出行或消遣行为。而《论语》所记载的孔子及其弟子对“游”之活动的理解与实践则重新阐释与发展了“游”之活动的意义。通过对“佚游”与“远游”的反对与审慎态度,《论语》对当时流俗的“游”之活动进行了反思与批判,并由此明确了“游”作为一种具有内在愉悦性的修身行道活动之基本属性。而通过对“从游”与“游于艺”的肯定,《论语》则建构起了“游”作为以交融于“物”而通达于“道”为基本展开方式的“交通”活动之新范式,并由此展现出“游”这一独特活动的结构与意涵。

In the literature since the Zhou Dynasty,the activity of“You”is mostly understood as a travel or pastime for the purpose of pleasure.The understanding and practice of Confucius and his disciples what reinterpreted and developed the significance of the activities of“You”.Through the opposition and cautious attitude towards to travelling faraway and indulgent play,the Analects reflects and criticizes the popular“You”activities at that time,and thus defines the basic attribute of“You”as a self-cultivation and Taoist activity with internal pleasure.Through the affirmation of“travelling at the same time”and“travelling in the art”,the Analects constructs a new paradigm of“You”as a“communicating”activity based on blending with“things”and reaching“Tao”,which shows the unique activity structure and meaning of“You”.