语法功能与诗歌自觉——魏晋南北朝诗歌五言句式的美学研究

Grammatical Function and Poetry Consciousness--An Aesthetic Study on the Five-sentence Style of Poems in the Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

句式直接关系着文学的表现功能。句式的演变构成了魏晋南北朝诗歌发展的重要内容,是诗歌自觉的重要方面。魏晋南北朝时期,诗歌句式由四言发展到五言、七言,五言成为诗歌的主要体式。五言句式结构多样,单句语法功能完备,语意容量大,能够描述事物具体情状,具有完整表意能力。五言句式通过使用省略、倒装、对仗等方式,使得诗歌语言异于日常生活语言,突破了事物间的线性关系,建立了平行性结构,从而建构起诗性逻辑关系与语言结构。在审美效应上,五言句式是一种人工的诗歌节奏系统,具有流动性的形式美感,建立了诗性节奏结构与体系。

The syntactical structure is directly related to the expressive function of literature.The evolution of the syntactical structure constitutes the important content of the poetry development in the Wei,Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties,and become an important part of poetry consciousness.During the Wei and Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties,the development of poems’syntactical structure from four words to five,seven words and five words became the main style of poetry.Five-syntactical structure is diverse,and single sentence grammar function is complete.It’s semantic capacity is large,and can describe the specific situation of things.It have complete ideographic ability.By using ellipsis,flip,antithesis and so on,Five-syntactical structure makes poetry language be different from the daily life language,breaking through the linear relationship of things,establishing a parallel structure,and constructing a poetic logical relationship and language structure.In the aesthetic effect,Five-syntactical structure is a kind of artificial poetry rhythm system,with the flowing beauty of the form,and establishes the poetic rhythm structure and system.