贸易调整援助的功能分析及其合规性论证——以贸易救济制度的多元化为视角

On the Function and Compliance of Trade Adjustment Assistance——From the Perspective of the Diversity of Trade Remedy System

除了传统的"两反一保"等对外贸易措施外,贸易救济制度还包括贸易调整援助等对内贸易补偿机制。相比之下,贸易调整援助的调查程序更为便利、适用对象更为广泛、受益群体更具针对性、救济效果更具持续性,且不会加剧或升级贸易摩擦。在中国全面深化改革开放新格局、加速建设自由贸易试验区、中美经贸摩擦不断升级等背景下,将贸易调整援助工作提上议程,具有迫切的现实意义。在构建中国贸易调整援助立法的进程中,须逐一破解制度体系、负责机构、适用对象、审批要件等各项难题。

In addition to traditional anti-dumping,anti-subsidy and safeguard measures,trade remedy system also includes such an internal trade compensation mechanism as trade adjustment assistance.In contrast,the investigation process of trade adjustment assistance is more convenient,more widely applied,the beneficiary group is more targeted,the relief effect is more sustainable and will not aggravate or escalate trade frictions.Under the background of deepening the new pattern of reform and opening up in an all-round way,speeding up the construction of free trade experimental zone and escalating economic and trade frictions between China and the United States,it is of urgent practical significance to put the work of trade adjustment assistance on the agenda.In the process of constructing China’s legislation of trade adjustment assistance,it is necessary to solve the problems of institutional system,responsible institutions,applicable objects and approval elements one by one.