论通用行政法典编纂的基础性问题

On the Foundational Issues about the Codification of the General Administrative Code

编纂一部行政法法典是目前立法界、学界和实务界关心的重要课题,在行政法领域具有普遍适用性的法典可称为“通用行政法典”。通用行政法典应是一部体系化法典,在确定具体内容之前,需在目标模式、核心理论、调整范围等一系列问题上达成基本共识。通用行政法典的目标模式反映法典的价值取向,从我国行政法治建设的总体要求、目前行政法领域通用规范的核心目的、我国行政机关依法行政能力及对私主体权利保障的现状来看,目标模式宜选择权利保障优先。编纂通用行政法典过程中,应就法典编纂所涉及的行政法基本原则、行政主体、行政行为、行政程序、行政司法等核心理论达成最大共识。在确定通用行政法典调整的范围时,应考虑法典的体系性与开放性、法典全国统一性与地方自主性、法典的稳定性与司法能动性之间的关系。

The codification of the laws applied in the area of public administration is an important issue of concern to the legislative,academic and practical circles,and a code with universal applicability in the field of public administrative can be called a“General Administrative Code”.The General Administrative Code should be a systematic code,before determining the specific content,it is necessary to reach a basic consensus on a series of fundamental issues such as the target model,core theory and adjustment scope.The target model of the General Administrative Code reflects the value orientation of the code,from the overall requirements of China’s construction of administrative legal system,the core purpose of the current general norms in the field of administrative law,the capacity of China’s administrative organs in accordance with the law and the current situation of the protection of the rights of private,the target model is appropriate to choose the priority of protection of the rights of private.In the process of codification of the general administrative code,the greatest consensus should be reached on the core theories of the basic principles of administrative law,administrative subjects,administrative acts,administrative procedures and administrative justice involved in the codification.In determining the scope of adjustment of the general administrative code,should be considered the possible time requirements for codification,the relationship between the systemic and openness of the code,the national uniformity of the code and local autonomy,the stability of the code and judicial activism.