我国水资源治理模式的变迁与治理困境

The Change of China’s Water Resources Governance Model and the Dilemma of Governance

水资源治理问题是我国国家治理的关键议题。中华人民共和国成立以来,随着我国水资源治理进程的推进,我国水资源治理历经科层管理模式、市场契约模式、治理参与模式的变迁过程。这三种模式在相互依存中得以演进和发展,共同构成了水资源治理的混合模式框架。在我国水资源管理进程中,我国"行政发包制"、行政与财政分权体制、行政区划的体制性障碍导致了水资源管理的行政分割特征明显,水资源难以实现跨域整体性治理。同时,水资源管理面临着市场配置作用受限、水资源多元主体治理受阻,以及水资源法律法规不完善等治理困境。

The issue of water resources governance is a key issue in China’s national governance. Since the founding of the Peoples’s Republic of China,with the increasing improvement of Chinas’ water resources governance,China’s water resources governance has undergone a process of change of the bureaucratic management model,the market contract model,and the governance participation model.The three models have advanced and evolved in interdependence,and they have constituted a mixed model framework for water resources governance. In Chinas’ water resources governance process,the administrative subcontract,administrative and fiscal decentralization system,and administrative division have led to the obvious administrative division of water resources management,and it is difficult to achieve inter-basin governance. At the same time,water resources management faces the dilemma of limited market allocation,the obstruction of multi-subject governance,and the imperfect water resources laws and regulations.