职前教师融合教育课程的国际经验与启示

A Review of Inclusive Education Course for Pre-Service Teachers: Global Experience and Enlightenment

本研究梳理了近十年国外通过增设融合教育课程提升职前教师融合教育素养的研究,分析其课程内容、教学方法和课程评价等要素,总结课程实施的效果,结果发现:当前融合教育课程多为一学期的必修课程,课程内容包括理论知识教学及丰富多样的融合实践活动,采用讲授、研讨会、小组讨论等相结合的教学方法,以及形成性与终结性相结合的评价方式。经过融合教育课程学习后,职前教师对融合教育的态度更加积极,教学效能感普遍提升,对实施融合教育的担忧减少。根据分析结果,本研究为我国普通师范专业开设及科学构建融合教育课程提出建议与启示。

In recent years,inclusive education has gradually become one of the most important topics in the education field.Since the late 1980s,China has made policy on pre-service teachers’inclusive literacy and inclusive education courses.However,inclusive education courses are facing various problems,and it is difficult to meet the needs of pre-service teachers to implement inclusion.This study reviews researches on inclusive education courses as“independent curriculum”for pre-service teachers from 2011 to 2020,and analyzes the teaching contents,methods,probation and evaluation in the implementation process of inclusive education courses,so as to provide reference for universities and colleges to offer inclusive education courses,adapt teaching content and methods,and improve pre-service teachers’inclusive literacy.