孤独症谱系障碍个体社会维持缺陷的研究进展

Research Progress on Social Maintenance Defects of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)的社会交往障碍与社会动机缺乏有关,社会维持行为作为社会动机的表现,在ASD个体中也存在缺陷。本文系统回顾目前ASD个体社会维持的研究成果,发现ASD个体在无意识模仿、过度模仿、共时模仿、声誉管理和会话维持等社会维持行为上存在缺陷,这可能和镜像神经元系统、纹状体、前额叶皮层、杏仁核、颞上沟激活异常、脑间神经同步和脑功能连接异常有关,严重影响了ASD个体的社会性发展。未来应进一步完善ASD个体社会维持的神经机制研究,关注研究情景的互动性和生态性,注重研究主题的丰富性和创新性,并对教育干预提出了建议和启示,以期更深入、全面地探索ASD个体社会维持缺陷的行为表现、形成机制及其干预方式。

The social interaction disorder of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is related to the lack of social motivation.As a manifestation of social motivation,social maintenance behavior also has defects in individuals with ASD.A review of the current research results on social maintenance of individuals with ASD showed that they had defects in social maintenance behaviors such as spontaneous imitation,excessive imitation,synchronic imitation,reputation management and conversation maintenance,which may be related to the abnormal activation of mirror neuron system,striatum,prefrontal cortex,amygdala,superior temporal sulcus,neural synchronization and brain functional connectivity.It seriously affected the social evolution of the population with ASD.In the future,we should further improve the research on the neural mechanism of social maintenance of individuals with ASD,pay attention to the interaction and ecology of the research situation,the richness and innovation of the research theme,and put forward suggestions and enlightenment for educational intervention,in order to further and comprehensively explore the behavior performance,formation mechanism and intervention methods of their social maintenance defects.