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数学超常儿童发展的认知神经机制及教学启示 被引量:7

The Cognitive Neural Mechanism of the Development of Mathematically Gifted Children and Its Enlightenment to Education
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摘要 数学超常儿童具有优于普通儿童的显著右半球优势、功能增强的左右脑交互连接、优秀的前额皮质控制功能、增强的顶-额网络以及高效的多脑区联动工作模式。从脑科学或认知神经科学角度研究数学超常儿童发展的特异性,为普通儿童数学脑功能的维护与增强、数学学习障碍儿童异常脑功能的干预与矫正提供重要发展途径,为优化数学教育提供智能路径和有效建议。基于此,应采用认知科学的测评考量数学超常儿童的发展潜能、为其配备专业师资和优质教材、并设置科学适切的个性化培养方案。 Compared with the development of typical children,mathematically gifted children showed highly developed right hemisphere abilities,superior interactive specialization between left and right hemispheres,excellent control functions of prefrontal cortex,enhanced parieto-frontal network,and efficient task-related global neuronal workspace.By identifying the core neural building blocks of numerical cognition of mathematically gifted children,we can not only detect appropriate teaching program to maintain and enhance typical children’s mathematical brain function in mathematics,but also develop suitable and available interventions to promote abnormal brain development in children with math learning difficulties.The review ultimately provides implications for optimizing mathematics education.We highlight the future mathematical cognitive education should stimulate the development potential of these types of children through cognitive neuroscience evaluation,allocate professional teachers and high-quality teaching materials according to the special needs of gifted children,and set up scientific and appropriate teaching and training programs according to the characteristics of brain cognitive development.
作者 梁渊 张丽锦 LIANG Yuan;ZHANG Lijin(Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Language Cognitive Neuroscience,Xi'an International Studies University,Xi'an,710128;School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an,710062;Shaanxi Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health,Xi'an,710062;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience,Xi'an,710062)
出处 《中国特殊教育》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第2期45-51,共7页 Chinese Journal of Special Education
基金 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(项目批准号:18XJA190001) 奕阳教育研究院青年学者项目(项目批准号:SEI-QXZ-2021-05) 陕西省教育科学“十四五”规划课题(课题批准号:SGH21Y0118)的部分研究成果
关键词 数学超常儿童 认知神经科学 顶-额网络模型 发展潜能 mathematically gifted children cognitive neuroscience parieto-frontal integration theory(P-FIT) development potential
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