摘要
本文使用84个国家1999~2017年的非平衡面板数据,分技术领域研究了人力资本跨国流出对流出国技术创新的影响,以及人力资本流出国国内专利权保护对人力资本跨国流出技术创新效应的调节作用。研究结果表明,人力资本跨国流出不利于流出国国内技术创新水平的提高,但人力资本流出国国内专利权保护力度的增强有利于缓解这一不利影响,甚至能够使得人力资本跨国流出对流出国国内技术创新产生净的正向促进作用。该作用在不同技术领域和不同类型国家中存在差异。作用机制检验结果表明,专利权保护力度的增强通过吸引海外人才回流和国际人才流入促进流出国国内技术创新水平的提升。进一步地,本文发现人力资本跨国流出和专利权保护未能促进流出国国内技术比较优势的提升。本文的研究结论对我国人才政策和技术创新政策的制定具有一定启示意义。
This paper uses unbalanced panel data of 84 countries from 1999 to 2017 to study the impact of human capital transnational flow on the technological innovation in the Outflow countries at the technical field level,and the moderating effect of the patent protection.The results show that emigration is harmful to the technological innovation in the sending countries,but the enhanced patent protection in the sending countries can alleviate this negative effect,and even make a net positive effect on the technological innovation.The effect differs in different technical fields and different types of countries.The enhanced patent protection can promote the technological innovation in the sending countries by attracting the return of emigrants and the foreign talents’inflow.Furthermore,we find that emigration and the patent protection have failed to promote its technical comparative advantage in the sending countries.The conclusions of this paper have certain implications for the formulation of China’s talent policy and technological innovation policy.
作者
孟祥旭
余长林
MENG Xiangxu;YU Changlin(Business School of Shandong University/Research Institue of Free Trade Zone,Shandong University,264209;Center for Macroeconomic Research,Xiamen University/Paula and Gregory Chow Institute for Studies in Economics,Xiamen University,361005)
出处
《制度经济学研究》
2023年第4期144-173,共30页
Research on Institutional Economics
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“创新驱动型经济发展战略研究”(22JJD790051)
福建省社科基金重点项目“基础研究促进关键核心技术创新的理论机制与实现路径研究”(FJ2022A011)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“世界经济新格局下的知识产权保护与新时代中国经济增长研究”(20720191070)
关键词
人力资本跨国流动
专利权保护
技术创新
技术比较优势
Transnational Flow of Human Capital
Patent Protection
Technological Innovation
Technical Comparative Advantage