农地确权、确权方式与农户化肥施用——来自准实验的证据

Land Titling、Titling Types and the Effect of Reducing the Application of Chemical Fertilizers——Evidence from Quasi Experiments

本文利用广东省阳山县同时存在常规确权、整合确权方式准实验场景的独特机会,在“是否”确权的制度层面上进一步分离出两种确权方式的微观差异,采用面板数据的双重固定效应模型,分析农地确权以及不同确权方式的化肥减量效应。得到的结论是:(1)从政策实施前后的纵向时间维度看,实施农地确权促使农户减少化肥投入,但区分农地确权方式的计量结果表明,仅整合确权对农户化肥施用行为存在显著影响,而常规确权的影响并不显著。(2)从两种确权方式的横向比较维度看,相比于常规确权组农户,整合确权组农户每年每亩投入的化肥更少。作用机制分析表明:农户化肥施用行为差异主要是由两种确权方式下的土地价值属性、地权稳定性不同而导致。使用多种识别策略和稳健性检验均验证了基准结论稳健性。本文研究表明不同的农地确权方式隐含着不同的土地利用长期发展效应,整合确权对中国改善土壤健康及农业绿色发展具有深刻的实践意义。

This study utilizes the quasi-natural experimental scenario where both land conventional titling and land consolidation titling exist in Yangshan County,Guangdong Province,and further separates the micro-differences between the two ways of titling at the institutional level of"whether"titling,and adopts panel data two-way fixed effect model analyzes the chemical fertilizers reduction effect of land titling and different types of land titling.The conclusion is:(1)From the longitudinal time dimension of the before and after policy implementation.The implementation of the land titling policy enables farmers to reduce their chemical fertilizer input.However,the results of comparative analysis of the untitled and two types of titling show that only the land consolidation titling method has a significant impact on farmers’chemical fertilizer behavior,while the impact of land conventional titling method is not significant.(2)From the horizontal comparison dimension of the two land titling methods,compared with the land conventional titling group farmers,the land consolidation titling group farmers put in less fertilizer per mu per year.Analysis of the mechanism of action showed that,the main reason for the significant difference in the effect of chemical fertilizers is the difference in land use value and land tenure stability caused by the two types of land titling.The robustness of the above conclusions is verified using multiple identification strategies and robustness checks.This study in this article shows that different land titling types have different long-term effects of land use development,and the land consolidation titling has profound practical implications for improving soil health and agricultural green development in China.