多维视角下中国农村家庭相对贫困的测度与比较

Measurement and Comparison of Relative Poverty of Rural Households in China from a Multidimensional Perspective

2020年我国将打赢脱贫攻坚战,全面建成小康社会,农村的工作重心将由绝对贫困向相对贫困转移。治理相对贫困的关键在于设定合理的相对贫困标准并精准识别相对贫困人口。研究基于2016年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),利用A-F方法从相对贫困角度测算了我国农村家庭的多维贫困指数。研究认为:在相对贫困标准设定中,需要考虑收入、教育、健康、资产等多维贫困状况,设定多维相对贫困标准;对相对贫困人口的识别需要分性别、分年龄和家庭状况进行比较,以实现相对贫困治理的精准施策;相对贫困治理需要重视女性在家庭内的赋权,女性户主有利于合理配置家庭资源,有助于降低贫困程度。

In 2020,China will win the battle of poverty alleviation and build Welloff society in an all-round way.The focus of rural work will shift from reducing absolute poverty to relative poverty.The key to reducing relative poverty is to set reasonable relative poverty standards and accurately identify the relative poverty population.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies,CFPS in 2016,the paper used the AF method to measure the Multidimensional Poverty Index of rural households in China from the perspective of relative poverty.The results showed that:we need to consider the Multidimensional Poverty conditions such as income,education,health,assets and so on for the setting of multidimensional relative poverty standards;we should identity and differentiate relatively poverty population by gender,age and family status,so as to to take targeted measures in poverty alleviation;we need to pay attention to the empowerment of women in the family to reduce relative poverty Female-headed households are conducive to the rational allocation of family resources and help to reduce poverty.